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Table 1 Baseline clinical data and outcomes

From: Impact of blood glucose levels on the accuracy of urinary N-acety-β-D-glucosaminidase for acute kidney injury detection in critically ill adults: a multicenter, prospective, observational study

Characteristics

Non-AKI (n = 1025)

AKI (n = 412)

P value

Demographic variables

 Age, years

52.0 (41.0–62.0)

59.0 (45.0–71.0)

< 0.001

 Male sex, n (%)

521 (50.8)

247 (60.0)

0.032

 BMI, kg/m2

22.2 (21.5–23.1)

22.4 (21.5–23.4)

0.223

Preexisting clinical conditions

 Hypertension, n (%)

169 (16.5)

137 (33.3)

< 0.001

 DM, n (%)

117 (11.4)

108 (26.2)

< 0.001

 CKD, n (%)

16 (1.6)

46 (11.2)

< 0.001

Sepsis, n (%)

157 (15.3)

204 (49.5)

< 0.001

Previous antidiabetic drugs, n (%)

 α-glucosidase inhibitors, n (%)

12 (1.2)

6 (1.5)

0.662

 Insulin secretagogues, n (%)

10 (1.0)

11 (2.7)

0.016

 Thiazolidinediones, n (%)

1 (0.1)

3 (0.7)

0.041

 Metformin, n (%)

15 (1.5)

14 (3.4)

0.431

 Insulin, n (%)

7 (0.7)

12 (2.9)

0.235

Admission type, n (%)

< 0.001

 Elective surgical, n (%)

798 (77.9)

194 (47.1)

 

 Emergency surgical, n (%)

94 (9.2)

67 (16.3)

 

 Medical, n (%)

133 (13.0)

151 (36.7)

 

Baseline serum creatinine, mg/dl

0.69 (0.59–0.83)

0.71 (0.56–0.93)

0.145

Baseline eGFR, ml/minute/1.73 m2

110.62 (95.27–132.95)

109.50 (83.36–139.68)

0.146

Serum creatinine at admission, mg/dl

0.77 (0.64–0.92)

1.04 (0.80–1.33)

< 0.001

uNAG at admission, U/g Cr

22.55 (13.26–37.75)

35.46 (21.26–60.96)

< 0.001

Serum glucose at admission, mg/dl

120.24 (102.74–146.25)

143.19 (117.90–180.45)

< 0.001

HbA1c at admission, %

5.60 (5.30–6.00)

5.80 (5.40–6.30)

< 0.001

APACHE II score

10 (8–14)

16 (10–23)

< 0.001

UP, ml/kg/h

2.05 (1.57–2.69)

1.86 (1.24–2.62)

< 0.001

Outcomes

 Length of ICU stay, days

2 (2–4)

4 (2–9)

< 0.001

 Length of hospital stay, days

10 (8–15)

13 (8–21)

< 0.001

 RRT during ICU stay, n (%)

3 (0.3)

21 (5.1)

< 0.001

 ICU mortality, n (%)

28 (2.7)

51 (12.4)

< 0.001

 In-hospital mortality, n (%)

37 (3.6)

57 (13.8)

< 0.001

  1. AKI acute kidney injury, BMI body mass index, DM diabetes mellitus, CKD chronic kidney disease, defined as baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate, uNAG urinary N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, the values of uNAG were normalized to urinary creatinine concentration, Cr creatinine concentration, HbA1c glycosylated hemoglobin, APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation score, UP urine production first 24 h after admission, ICU intensive care unit, RRT renal replacement therapy. P value for global comparisons among groups by Kruskal-Wallis and chi-square tests for continuous and categorical variables, respectively
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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