Fig. 1

Schematic models of static, dynamic, and upstream obstructions of renal arteries and Stanford B dissection. T, true lumen; F, false lumen. Dashed and two red arrows into the renal artery indicate insufficient and sufficient blood flow, respectively. a Schematic model of static obstruction. Static obstruction involves renal artery stenosis or dissection into the renal artery, causing stably hindered renal perfusion, resulting in insufficient blood stream into the kidney. b Schematic model of dynamic obstruction. Dynamic obstruction occurs when the aortic dissection causes an intermittent blockage of renal artery perfusion, resulting in intermittently insufficient blood stream into the kidney. c Schematic model of upstream aortic obstruction in the patient. As time passed after admission of the patient, obstruction above the renal artery branches progressed, causing insufficient blood stream into the kidney