All (n = 297) | No VC (n = 32) | Mild VC (n = 131) | Advanced VC (n = 134) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 62.7 ± 12.8 | 52.5 ± 14.6 | 61.2 ± 12.5 | 66.5 ± 10.9 | 0.000 |
Body mass index, (Kg/m2) | 23.1 ± 3.9 | 25.4 ± 5.1 | 22.7 ± 3.3 | 22.9 ± 3.9 | 0.001 |
Male gender | 210 (70.7%) | 0 | 113 (53.8%) | 97 (46.2%) | 0.609 |
Comorbidities | |||||
Diabetes | 56.6 | 15 (46.9%) | 65 (49.6%) | 88 (65.7%) | 0.016 |
Hypertension | 87.2 | 29 (90.6%) | 113 (86.3%) | 117 (87.3%) | 0.802 |
CAD | 20.3 | 3 (9.4%) | 17 (13.0%) | 39 (29.1%) | 0.001 |
CVD | 24.2 | 2 (6.3%) | 28 (21.4%) | 41 (30.6%) | 0.010 |
Charlson’s comorbidity index | 4.1 ± 1.5 | 3.3 ± 1.3 | 4.0 ± 1.7 | 4.5 ± 1.3 | 0.000 |
Dialysis duration (months) | 81.5 ± 73.5 | 51.4 ± 29.9 | 73.5 ± 66.0 | 93.3 ± 79.8 | 0.010 |
Dialysis mode | 0.000 | ||||
Haemodilaysis | 220 (74.1%) | 26 (81.3%) | 110 (84.0%) | 84 (62.7%) | |
Haemodiafiltration | 77 (25.9%) | 6 (18.8%) | 21 (16.0%) | 50 (37.3%) | |
Single pool Kt/V | 1.55 ± 0.29 | 1.39 ± 0.30 | 1.51 ± 0.29 | 1.64 ± 0.27 | 0.000 |
Equilibrated Kt/V | 1.35 ± 0.25 | 1.21 ± 0.25 | 1.31 ± 0.25 | 1.42 ± 0.23 | 0.000 |
Standard Kt/V | 2.20 ± 0.20 | 2.08 ± 0.21 | 2.17 ± 0.20 | 2.26 ± 0.18 | 0.000 |
Urea reduction ratio (%) | 72.6 ± 6.9 | 68.6 ± 7.2 | 71.6 ± 6.9 | 74.5 ± 6.2 | 0.000 |
Blood flow rate (ml/min) | 265.5 ± 23.3 | 263.4 ± 15.6 | 260.8 ± 22.8 | 270.4 ± 24.3 | 0.003 |
Cinacalcet administration | 21 (7.1%) | 2 (6.3%) | 6 (4.6%) | 13 (9.7%) | 0.214 |
Duration of HD (hours) | 3.93 ± 0.19 | 3.95 ± 0.22 | 3.93 ± 0.17 | 3.94 ± 0.19 | 0.891 |
Pre-dialysis systolic BP (mmHg) | 143.6 ± 19.8 | 143.8 ± 23.5 | 142.3 ± 21.3 | 144.8 ± 17.4 | 0.591 |
Pre-dialysis diastolic BP (mmHg) | 73.3 ± 13.0 | 75.4 ± 11.4 | 73.2 ± 13.0 | 72.9 ± 13.4 | 0.606 |
Average UF per session (Kg) | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 1.3 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 2.2 ± 0.9 | 0.930 |
Dry body weight (Kg) | 62.8 ± 12.6 | 71.9 ± 18.3 | 62.2 ± 11.2 | 61.2 ± 11.8 | 0.000 |
Dialysate sodium (mEq/L) | 137.0 ± 2.5 | 137.5 ± 2.5 | 137.4 ± 2.5 | 136.6 ± 2.3 | 0.012 |
Dialysate calcium (mEq/L) | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 2.8 ± 0.4 | 0.415 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 137.6 ± 3.4 | 138.1 ± 3.0 | 138.4 ± 3.0 | 136.6 ± 3.7 | 0.000 |
Chloride (mmol/L) | 99.2 ± 4.9 | 100.6 ± 3.7 | 100.3 ± 4.2 | 97.7 ± 4.9 | 0.000 |
Potassium (mmol/L) | 4.8 ± 0.7 | 4.7 ± 0.8 | 4.7 ± 0.7 | 4.9 ± 0.8 | 0.169 |
Corrected Calcium (mg/dL) | 8.6 ± 0.8 | 8.3 ± 0.7 | 8.5 ± 0.8 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 0.009 |
Phosphate (mg/dL) | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.6 | 4.7 ± 1.2 | 0.830 |
Total CO2 (mmol/L) | 23.9 ± 3.1 | 23.7 ± 3.0 | 23.2 ± 3.4 | 24.5 ± 2.7 | 0.003 |
Serum albumin (mg/dL) | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.3 | 3.7 ± 0.4 | 0.108 |
MAMC (cm) | 22.9 ± 4.9 | 23.1 ± 6.9 | 23.0 ± 5.1 | 22.8 ± 4.6 | 0.941 |
nPCR (g/Kg/day) | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 1.03 ± 0.20 | 1.03 ± 0.23 | 1.02 ± 0.25 | 0.918 |
Intact PTH (pg/mL) | 269.7 ± 208.0 | 275.4 ± 276.6 | 258.6 ± 184.4 | 279.2 ± 212.2 | 0.715 |
Bone specific ALP (μg/L) | 18.9 ± 10.9 | 14.8 ± 7.9 | 20.6 ± 12.6 | 18.3 ± 9.7 | 0.049 |
25(OH) Vitamin D (ng/mL) | 16.4 ± 10.1 | 15.6 ± 8.7 | 16.2 ± 10.0 | 16.8 ± 10.6 | 0.807 |
hsCRP (mg/L) | 7.0 ± 13.3 | 11.7 ± 20.3 | 7.2 ± 14.1 | 5.8 ± 9.7 | 0.081 |
Average hand grip strength test (Kg) | 23.0 ± 10.3 | 29.0 ± 11.1 | 24.7 ± 9.9 | 19.3 ± 9.1 | 0.000 |
Vitamin D use | 79 (26.6) | 13 (40.6) | 36 (27.5%) | 30 (22.4%) | 0.106 |
Statin use | 143 (48.1%) | 12 (37.5%) | 61 (46.6%) | 70 (52.2%) | 0.289 |
Warfarin use | 7 (2.4%) | 0 | 1 (0.8%) | 6 (4.5%) | 0.089 |