Table 2 Clinical characteristics according to quartiles of protein carbonyl

25.0 to < 57.5

57.5 to < 79.0

79.0 to < 106.8

106.8 to 432.0

Age (years)

56 (49–67)

59 (50–77)

63 (51–73)

60 (55–72)

Body mass index (kg/m²)

22 (20–24)

22 (21–24)

22 (19–25)

21 (20–24)

Gender, male, n (%)

12 (54.5)

11 (50.0)

12 (54.5)

16 (69.6)

Diabetic, n (%)

13 (59.1)

14 (63.6)

13 (59.1)

10 (43.5)

 Diabetes

13 (54.5)

13 (59.1)

13 (59.1)

10 (45.5)

 Hypertension

6 (27.3)

4 (18.2)

6 (27.3)

5 (22.7)

 Glomerulonephritis

2 (9.1)

2 (9.1)

3 (13.6)

4 (18.2)

 Others

2 (9.1)

3 (13.6)

0

3 (13.6)

HD vintage (months)

40 (28–59)

19 (24–48)

20 (11–49)

38 (18–43)

CAD, n (%)

5 (22.7)

6 (27.3)

6 (27.3)

11 (50.0)

CVD, n (%)

2 (9.1)

6 (27.3)

6 (27.3)

7 (31.8)

PAOD, n (%)

1 (4.5)

2 (9.1)

1 (4.5)

3 (13.6)

Hemoglobin (g/dL)

9.7 (9.1–10.4)

10.6 (8.8–10.4)

10.1 (8.9–10.7)

9.7 (8.7–10.5)

Albumin (g/dL)

3.6 (3.5–3.7)

3.7 (3.4–3.7)

3.4 (3.0–3.6)

3.5 (3.3–3.6)

Prealbumin (mg/dL) *

30 (26–35)

25 (21–30)

26 (22–31)

23 (19–28)

Transferrin (μg/dL) *

217 (200–232)

200 (171–215)

185 (152–210)

175 (158–209)

Ferritin (ng/mL)

199 (86–309)

165 (125–237)

140 (92–251)

199 (139–312)

Transferrin saturation (%)

34 (28–40)

35 (28–51)

33 (24–42)

34 (30–42)

IV iron, n (%)

4 (18.2)

0

3 (13.6)

6 (27.3)

IV iron dose, mg

475 ± 75

0

400 ± 31

417 ± 31

 DPO (ug/week), n = 40

61 (35–98)

69 (48–92)

60 (39–93)

71 (48–101)

 EPO (IU/week), n = 48

15,782

17,202

16,042

18,902

β2-microglobulin (mg/L)

24 (20–30)

26 (21–30)

17 (30–33)

29 (22–31)

HbA1c, (%)

6.8 (6.6–8.5)

6.4 (6.1–7.5)

6.8 (6.1–7.4)

7.2 (5.9–9.1)

Loss of RRF, n (%)

10 (45.4)

12 (54.5)

13 (59.1)

14 (63.6)

IL-6 (pg/ml)

3.1 (1.9–6.5)

5.3 (1.7–6.5)

5.7 (3.0–13.7)

5.4 (2.7–9.9)

hs-CRP (mg/L)

0.8 (0.6–1.9)

1.2 (0.3–6.5)

1.0 (0.6–2.1)

1.3 (0.5–3.8)

Fibrinogen (mg/dL)

326 (261–397)

339 (316–372)

3,329,267–374)

334 (261–417)

SGA score *

6.0 (6.0–7.0)

6.0 (6.0–7.0)

6.0 (5.0–7.0)

6.0 (5.0–6.0)

SGA < 6, n (%) *

2 (9.1)

4 (18.2)

6 (27.3)

10 (45.5)

OH/ECW (%) *

−1.5 (−11–29.)

−3.8 (−13.5–35)

0 (−16–58)

10.8 (3–48)

 Male *

30.5 (21–36)

31.6 (28–34)

29.3 (19–32)

23.6 (20–30)

 Female

20.8 (20–26)

22.1 (18–27)

19.0 (16–22)

19.8 (19–20)

 Male *

13.8 (11.8–16.2)

15.2 (11.5–16.9)

13.8 (11.5–16.2)

11.8 (9.3–14.3)

 Female

11.3 (10.4–12.9)

12.6 (10.0–14.5)

11.3 (10.4–12.0)

11.1 (9.6–12.4)

 Male

7.5 (5.5–14.5)

7.1 (3.0–10.8)

6.1 (4.6–10.5)

8.8 (7.1–10.1)

 Female

9.3 (7.9–18.0)

7.6 (6.2–9.2)

11 (6.7–16.4)

12.0 (10.3–14.9)

Low LTI, n (%) *

8 (36.4)

7 (31.8)

7 (31.8)

14 (63.6)

Low HGS, n (%)

7 (31.8)

12 (54.5)

14 (63.6)

16 (72.7)

Mortality, n (%) *

5 (22.7)

6 (27.3)

6 (27.3)

13 (59.1)