Fig. 4

Differences of renal pathological manifestations in type-IV and type-V LN patients. Renal-biopsy samples showed in the pictures came from two patients with LN, whose pathological patterns were type IV for one patient and type V for the other patient. One patient was a 48-year-old male patient with a IV-S(A/C) subclass according to the ISN/RPS 2003 classification (Panels a, b and c). a Panoramic view of the renal-biopsy sample. Focal or sporadic distribution of tubulointerstitial changes. Jones-methenamine silver staining is shown (× 40). b Mesangial-cell proliferation and interstitial inflammatory-cell infiltration are shown. Masson’s trichrome stain was used (× 200). c Mesangial-cell and extracellular-matrix proliferation are shown. Jones-methenamine silver staining is shown (× 200). Another example shows a 30-year-old female patient with type-V subclass LN (Panels d, e and f). d Panoramic view of the renal-biopsy sample. Minimal changes of the renal tubular area and interstitium. Jones-methenamine silver staining is shown (× 40). e Non-proliferative changes in mesangial and endothelial cells are shown. Masson’s trichrome stain, is shown (× 200). f The uniform-thickened glomerular-basement membrane is shown. Jones-methenamine silver staining is shown (× 200)