Table 4 Description and outcomes of pregnancies fathered after kidney transplantation according to the fathers’ immunosuppressive medication at the time of conception
From: Paternity in male kidney transplant recipients: a French national survey, the PATeRNAL study
Covariate | Azathioprine n = 59 | Sirolimus n = 7b | Belatacept n = 6b | Everolimus n = 5b |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of recipients | 46 | 7 | 4 | 5 |
Age, median (IQR), years | 51 (44–56) | 40 (38–48) | 39 (35–42) | 55 (37–62) |
Age at conception, median (IQR), years | 34 (29–36) | 34 (29–36) | 38 (35–39) | 37 (34–40) |
Transplant to conception timea, median (IQR) | 5 (2–9.5) | 4 (1.5–12) | 6 (5–8) | 7 (4–10.8) |
Pregnancy outcomes | ||||
Live births, including 6 twin pregnancies | 55 (93%, [84–98]) | 5 | 4 | 5 |
Twin pregnancy | 1 (2%, [0–9]) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Spontaneous abortion | 2 (3%, [0.5–11]) | 2 | 2 | 0 |
Therapeutic abortion | 2 (3%, [0.5–11]) | 0 | 0 | 1 |
Still births | 0 (0%, [0–6]) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Ongoing pregnancy | 1 (2%, [0–9]) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Live births, including twins | 55 | 5 | 4 | 5 |
Gestational age in weeks, median (IQR) | 41 (39–41) | 39 (38–40) | 38 (38–39) | 39 (36–41) |
Pre-term delivery (< 37 weeks) | 5 (9%, [3–20]) | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Birthweight (Kg), median (IQR) | 3.5 (3.1–3.6) | 3 (2.4–3.3) | 3.1 (2.9–3.2) | 3.2 (2.9–3.6) |
Low birthweight (< 2.5 Kg) | 1 (2%, [0.1–10]) | 1 | 0 | 0 |
Sex (male) | 33 (60%, [46–73]) | 3 | 2 | 3 |
Intellectual disability | 2 (4%, [0.5–13]) | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Congenital malformation | 4 (7%, [2–17]) | 0 | 0 | 0 |