Table 1 Laboratory investigations
From: Kidney stones and moderate proteinuria as the rare manifestations of Gitelman syndrome
Examination item | Test value | Reference value |
|---|---|---|
Serum biochemistry | ||
Potassium (mmol/L) | 2.0 | 3.50–5.30 |
Sodium (mmol/L) | 139.0 | 137.0–147.0 |
Chloride (mmol/L) | 98.0 | 99.0–110.0 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.15 | 2.08–2.60 |
Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.92 | 0.70–1.10 |
Phosphate (mmol/L) | 0.86 | 0.85–1.51 |
Creatinine (μmol/L) | 102.0 | 57.0–97.0 |
Uric acid (μmol/L) | 438 | 208–428 |
Arterial blood gas analysis | ||
PH value | 7.49 | 7.35–7.45 |
PaO2 (mmHg) | 102.1 | 83.0–108.0 |
PaCO2 (mmHg) | 37.0 | 35.0–45.0 |
HCO3−(mmol/L) | 28 | 22–26 |
Base excess (mmol/L) | 5.0 | −3.0-3.0 |
Urine analysis | ||
Urine specific gravity | 1.015 | 1.003–1.030 |
PH value | 8.0 | 4.5–8.0 |
Albumin to creatinine ratio (mg/g.Cr) | 1133.33 | < 25 |
α1- microglobulin to creatinine ratio (mg/g.Cr) | 44.6 | < 15 |
24-h Urine tests | ||
Potassium (mmol/24 h) | 253.10 | 25.00–100.00 |
Calcium (mmol/24 h) | 5.34 | 0.25–7.5 |
Creatinine (mg/24 h) | 1250.2 | 700.0–2300.0 |
Uric acid (mmol/24 h) | 4666.0 | 1488.0–4463.0 |
Oxalic acid (mg/24 h) | 93.05 | 20–40 |
Citric acid (mg/24 h) | 80.18 | > 450 |
Urinay calcium/creatinine (mmol/mmol) | 0.48 | |
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (upright) | ||
Plasma renin (μIU/ml) | > 500 | 4.4–46.1 |
Plasma aldosterone (pg / ml) | 688 | 30–353 |
Glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (%) | 6.0 | 4.0–6.0 |
OGTT tests | ||
Fasting blood glucose (mmol/L) | 7.33 | 3.89–6.11 |
Postprandial blood glucose (2 h) (mmol/L) | 11.27 | 3.89–7.78 |