Two kinds of rare light chain cast nephropathy caused by multiple myeloma: case reports and literature review

BMC Nephrology

Table 1 Light chain amyloid in tubular casts and other tissues in multiple myeloma

References	Year	No of cases	LCAC			Other kidney tissue amyloidosis	Extrarenal tissue amyloidosis
References	Year	No of cases	Location	Pattern	Type	Other kidney tissue amyloidosis	Extrarenal tissue amyloidosis
Vassar PS [7]	1962	33^a	ND	Rimmed Laminated	ND	PTC cytoplasm in several cases	ND
Azzopardi JG [8]	1962	1^a	Distal	Laminated	ND	No	No
Azzopardi JG [9]	1966	1^a	ND	Rimmed Laminated	ND	No	Yes in skin and Pericardium, etc.
Friman C [10]	1970	1^a	Distal	Laminated	ND	No	Yes in tumour, No in other organs
Limas C [11]	1973	15^a	convoluted tubules, loops of Henle, etc.	Rimmed	ND	PTC cytoplasm in 3 cases	No ^c
Melato M [12]	1980	4^a	ND	Rimmed Laminated Homogeneous	ND	No	No
El-Zoghby Z [13]	2007	1^b	ND	Rimmed	λ	PTC cytoplasm	Yes in BM and joint
Nasr SH [14]	2008	1^b	ND	Rimmed	λ	No	ND
Sethi S [15]	2009	1^b	ND	Rimmed	λ	No	No in BM
Sharma A [16]	2014	1^b	ND	Rimmed	λ	No	No in BM
Kato H [6]	2015	1^b	Distal	Rimmed Laminated Homogeneous	λ	No	ND
Iliuta IA [17]	2016	1^b	Many segments	Homogeneous	λ	PTC cytoplasm	ND
Kurien AA [18]	2018	1^b	ND	Rimmed Homogeneous	λ	PTC cytoplasm	ND
Gibier JB [19]	2018	16^b	ND	Rimmed Laminated Homogeneous	λ^△ in 13 cases	PTC cytoplasm in 4 cases	Yes in 5 cases
Rajagopal MD [20]	2018	1^b	Distal	Laminated	λ	No	No in BM and salivary gland
Ichimata S [21]	2020	1^a	ND	Laminated	λ	PTC cytoplasm	Yes in lungs and heart
Our case		1^b	Distal	Rimmed	κ	No	No in BM and arterioles

BM bone marrow, LCAC light chain amyloid casts, MM multiple myeloma, ND not detailed, PTC proximal tubular cell
^a Autopsy kidney tissues; ^b Kidney biopsy tissues
^c Amyloid deposition was also found in the extrarenal organs of 8 elderly patients with amyloid casts. However, their amyloid deposition was not different from that of the age-matched controls, so it may not be related to the amyloid casts

ISSN: 1471-2369