Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the subjects stratified by tertiles of quadriceps muscle thickness
Sample characteristics | Quadriceps muscle thickness measured using ultrasonography | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Tertile 1 (n = 60, < 3.66 cm in 42 men and < 3.50 cm in 18 women) | Tertile 2 (n = 60, 3.66–4.59 cm in 43 men and 3.50–4.49 cm in 17 women) | Tertile 3 (n = 60, ≥4.60 cm in 42 men and ≥ 4.50 cm in 18 women) | ||
Age (years) | 74 (67–80)*# | 67 (65–74)* | 66 (50–72) | < 0.001 |
Duration of dialysis (years) | 5.1 (2.3–8.7) | 5.4 (2.3–9.7) | 6.4 (2.9–11.3) | 0.47 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 19.9 (18.4–21.7)*# | 20.9 (19.8–23.8)* | 25.0 (22.1–26.9) | < 0.001 |
Follow-up period (days) | 315 (171–365)*# | 365 (348–365) | 365 (365–365) | < 0.001 |
Dialysis prescription | ||||
 HD duration of 3.5 h/4.0 h/> 4.0 h, n | 1 / 59 / 0 | 0 / 55 / 5 | 2 / 45 / 13 | < 0.001 |
 Fluid volume removal (L) | 2.2 (1.8–2.8)* | 2.4 (1.9–3.0)* | 3.0 (2.3–3.3) | < 0.001 |
Antihypertensive drugs, 0, 1, 2, or 3 or more, n | 10 / 20 /11 / 19 | 14 / 4 / 16 / 26 | 13 / 5 / 25 / 17 | 0.032 |
Benzodiazepine drugs, n (%) | 11 (18) | 10 (17) | 15 (25) | 0.80 |
Any treatments for intradialytic hypotension, n (%) | 15 (25) | 10 (17) | 11 (18) | 0.80 |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 30 (50) | 33 (55) | 29 (48) | 0.75 |
 Stroke, n (%) | 11 (18) | 13 (22) | 10 (17) | 0.78 |
 Ischemic heart disease, n (%) | 20 (33) | 25 (42) | 22 (37) | 0.64 |
Serum albumin (g/dl) | 3.7 (3.4–3.9) | 3.7 (3.6–3.9) | 3.8 (3.6–4.0) | 0.05 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 43 (36–54) | 41 (36–51) | 40 (29–53) | 0.23 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 77 (59–97) | 81 (63–98) | 79 (65–102) | 0.73 |
Triglyceride (mg/dl) | 71 (58–117)* | 92 (65–126) | 106 (65–172) | 0.012 |
Uric acid (mg/dl) | 6.3 (5.4–7.0)*# | 7.0 (5.9–7.9) | 7.4 (6.3–8.3) | < 0.001 |
CRP (mg/dl) | 0.09 (0.05–0.38) | 0.11 (0.05–0.21) | 0.13 (0.05–0.31) | 0.88 |
BUN (mg/dl) | 62 (50–74) | 64 (55–78) | 65 (59–75) | 0.40 |
Creatinine (mg/dl) | 9.3 (8.1–10.6)*# | 10.8 (9.3–13.1)* | 12.4 (10.4–13.8) | < 0.001 |
Single pool Kt/Vurea | 1.46 (1.36–1.61) | 1.45 (1.36–1.63) | 1.43 (1.31–1.57) | 0.36 |
Ca (mg/dl) | 8.7 (8.2–9.1) | 8.7 (8.3–9.0) | 8.9 (8.5–9.3) | 0.08 |
P (mg/dl) | 5.1 (4.2–5.8)# | 5.6 (5.1–6.5) | 5.5 (4.7–6.2) | 0.007 |
Casual blood glucose, (mg/dl) | 135 (112–180) | 126 (103–176) | 122 (104–149) | 0.45 |
Intact PTH (pg/ml) | 136 (80–200) | 150 (76–235) | 128 (71–183) | 0.37 |
β2 microglobin (mg/l) | 25.4 (22.4–28.5) | 27.5 (23.9–30.8) | 26.7 (22.2–29.2) | 0.12 |
Hemoglobin (g/dl) | 11.0 (10.2–11.3) | 10.7 (10.3–11.1) | 10.8 (10.3–11.5) | 0.75 |
Thigh circumference (cm) | 40 (37–42)*# | 43 (40–45)* | 47 (44–51) | < 0.001 |
Handgrip strength (kg) | 20.8 (16.4–25.2)*# | 23.9 (20.6–28.8) | 25.3 (21.5–33.0) | < 0.001 |