Table 1 Comparisons of baseline characteristics between the five groups

Age (years)

66.61 ± 7.13

67.78 ± 6.08

67.06 ± 7.42

66.55 ± 7.51

68.93 ± 5.78

0.296

Male (%)

43(52.4)

112 (47.5)

101 (51.3)

44 (44.4)

13 (48.1)

0.767

Smoking (%)

59 (72.0)

157 (66.5)

126 (64.0)

60 (60.6)

17 (63.0)

0.778

LVEF

61.12 ± 6.52

59.81 ± 7.29

60.50 ± 6.96

59.87 ± 7.31

61.63 ± 5.97

0.445

Hypertension (%)

40 (48.8)

129 (54.7)

118 (59.9)

65 (65.7)

16 (74.1)

0.140

BMI (kg/m²)

24.62 ± 2.28

24.90 ± 2.09

25.27 ± 1.85

25.63 ± 1.80

26.45 ± 1.70

< 0.0001

Contrast volume (mL)

168.90 ± 58.44

166.61 ± 52.07

170.91 ± 62.12

175.76 ± 70.34

175.19 ± 45.27

0.734

TG (mmol/L)

1.77 ± 1.02

1.75 ± 0.91

1.85 ± 1.10

1.75 ± 0.86

2.06 ± 0.87

0.512

TC (mmol/L)

4.55 ± 0.39

4.52 ± 0.41

4.61 ± 0.57

4.52 ± 0.52

4.57 ± 0.50

0.364

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.30 ± 0.38

1.24 ± 0.33

1.28 ± 0.33

1.28 ± 0.40

1.26 ± 0.25

0.509

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.46 ± 0.55

2.49 ± 0.61

2.50 ± 0.51

2.54 ± 0.49

2.89 ± 0.72

0.010

Preoperative FBG

6.63 ± 1.37

7.15 ± 1.51

7.95 ± 1.50

8.81 ± 1.54

10.09 ± 1.83

< 0.0001

Hydration amount (mL)

1305.5 ± 257.28

1322.4 ± 244.99

1277.4 ± 277.21

1278.8 ± 278.33

1305.6 ± 274.32

0.430

Aspirin (%)

77 (93.9)

220 (93.2)

191 (97.0)

92 (92.9)

25 (92.6)

0.451

Clopidogrel (%)

60 (73.2)

186 (78.8)

151 (76.6)

72 (72.7)

19 (70.4)

0.651

β-antagonist (%)

73 (89.0)

204 (86.4)

172 (87.3)

81 (81.8)

24 (88.9)

0.642

ACEI/ARB (%)

41 (50.0)

137 (58.1)

91 (46.2)

49 (49.5)

16 (59.3)

0.132

Diuretics (%)

7 (8.5)

20 (8.5)

13 (6.6)

7 (7.1)

2 (74.1)

0.950

CCB (%)

10 (12.2)

24 (10.2)

21 (10.7)

11 (11.1)

3 (11.1)

0.978

Hypoglycemic agents (%)

25 (30.9)

93 (39.4)

81 (41.1)

40 (40.4)

13 (48.1)

0.033^a

Insulin (%)

6 (7.3)

19 (8.1)

20 (10.2)

16 (16.2)

7 (25.9)

0.011^a

PCI (%)

45 (54.8)

141 (59.7)

124 (62.9)

69 (69.7)

23 (85.2)

0.027^a

Basal Scr (mmol/L)

101.60 ± 15.03

102.14 ± 14.35

104.32 ± 11.48

109.94 ± 15.66

112.02 ± 12.45

< 0.0001

48 h Scr (mmol/L)

113.46 ± 16.46

114.18 ± 17.82

119.96 ± 15.67

127.42 ± 13.38

138.16 ± 9.74

< 0.0001

72 h Scr (mmol/L)

109.82 ± 16.25

109.01 ± 17.32

116.61 ± 14.47

119.29 ± 15.55

125.22 ± 13.84

< 0.0001

\( \frac{48\mathrm{h}\ \mathrm{Scr}-\mathrm{basal}\ \mathrm{Scr}}{\mathrm{basal}\ \mathrm{Scr}} \)

0.12 ± 0.09

0.12 ± 0.10

0.15 ± 0.13

0.18 ± 0.17

0.23 ± 0.14

< 0.0001

\( \frac{72\mathrm{h}\ \mathrm{Scr}-\mathrm{basal}\ \mathrm{Scr}}{\mathrm{basal}\ \mathrm{Scr}} \)

0.07 ± 0.07

0.09 ± 0.08

0.10 ± 0.07

0.12 ± 0.10

0.12 ± 0.11

< 0.0001