Table 2 Demographic features and clinical courses of nephrotic syndrome patients with ischemic stroke
From: Characteristics of ischemic stroke and intracranial hemorrhage in patients with nephrotic syndrome
Subtypes | All ischemic stroke (n = 233) | P value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Large-artery atherosclerosis (n = 43) | Cardioembolism (n = 23) | Small-artery occlusion (n = 117) | Stroke of other determined etiology (n = 11) | Stroke of undetermined etiology (n = 39) | ||
Age (years) | 58 (50–73) | 68 (61–76) | 60 (54–69) | 35 (29–42) | 63 (53–71) | < 0.001* |
Male (%) | 25 (58.1) | 16 (69.6) | 74 (63.2) | 6 (54.5) | 24 (61.5) | 0.883 |
Risk factors (%) | ||||||
 Hypertension (%) | 38 (88.4) | 21 (91.3) | 100 (85.4) | 7 (63.6) | 29 (74.4) | 0.105 |
 Diabetes mellitus (%) | 30 (69.8) | 7 (30.4)†| 94 (80.3)†| 1 (9.1)†| 20 (51.3) | < 0.001†|
 Hyperlipidemia (%) | 30 (69.8) | 7(30.4)†| 81 (69.2) | 6 (54.5) | 25 (64.1) | 0.008†|
 Coronary artery disease (%) | 36 (83.7) | 6 (26.1) | 19 (16.2) | 0 (0) | 7 (17.9) | 0.151 |
 Congestive heart failure (%) | 8 (18.6) | 6 (26.1) | 12 (10.3) | 1 (9.1) | 5 (12.8) | 0.263 |
 Atrial fibrillation (%) | 0 (0) | 20 (87.0)†| 2 (1.7)†| 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | < 0.001†|
 Hyperuricemia (%) | 10 (23.3) | 8 (34.8) | 13 (11.1) | 3 (27.3) | 6 (15.4) | 0.040†|
 Old stroke (%) | 18 (41.9) | 6 (26.1) | 36 (30.8) | 3 (27.3) | 14 (35.9) | 0.627 |
 Smoking (%) | 4 (9.3) | 0 (0) | 15 (12.8) | 0 (0) | 3 (7.7) | 0.263 |
Mean length of stay in the acute medicine ward(day) | 14 (10–21) | 19 (9–29) | 9 (6–13) | 12 (6–20) | 13 (9–19) | < 0.001* |
Complication at admission | ||||||
 Pneumonia (%) | 12 (27.9) | 5 (21.7) | 11 (9.4) | 1 (9.1) | 11 (28.2) | 0.013†|
 Gastrointestinal bleeding (%) | 5 (11.6) | 2 (8.7) | 5 (4.3) | 1 (9.1) | 8 (20.5) | 0.043†|
 Urinary tract infection (%) | 5 (11.6) | 6 (26.1) | 12 (10.3) | 1 (9.1) | 5 (12.8) | < 0.001†|
Modified Rankin scale score ≧ 3 upon discharge (%) | 33 (76.7) | 18 (78.3) | 67 (57.3) | 3 (27.3) | 30 (76.9%) | 0.002†|
Death within 30 days (%) | 4 (9.3) | 1 (4.3) | 2 (1.7) | 0 (0) | 1 (2.6) | 0.195 |