Table 1 Sociodemographic and anthropometric variables of study participants

N (%)

180 (50)

180 (50)

360 (100)

Age (years)

40.86 ± 14.68

39.90 ± 14.43

0.534^c

40.38 ± 14.55

 18–29

47 (26.1)

52 (28.9)

0.708^c

99 (27.5)

 30–39

39 (21.7)

34 (18.9)

73 (20.3)

 40–49

35 (19.4)

41 (22.8)

76 (21.1)

 50–65

59 (32.8)

53 (29.4)

112 (31.1)

 Systolic

117.53 ± 10.10

115.69 ± 10.57

0.091^c

116.61 ± 10.36

 Diastolic

77.46 ± 8.53

76.76 ± 8.51

0.436^c

77.11 ± 8.51

Height (cm)

163.27 ± 8.48

154.49 ± 7.60

< 0.001^a

158.88 ± 9.17

BMI (kg/m²)

23.92 ± 2.67

23.71 ± 2.29

0.374^c

23.82 ± 2.28

 Normal weight

54 (30)

59 (32.8)

0.446^c

113 (31.4)

 Over weight

55 (30.6)

57 (31.7)

112 (31.1)

 Obese I

71 (39.4)

64 (35.6)

135 (37.5)

Waist (cm)

92.56 ± 10.26

86.82 ± 11.78

< 0.001^a

89.69 ± 11.40

W/H ratio

1.02 ± 0.12

0.90 ± 0.09

< 0.001^a

0.96 ± 0.12

 Aryan

125 (69.4)

120 (66.7)

0.749^c

245 (68.1)

 Mongolian

27 (15)

34 (18.9)

61 (16.9)

 Dalit

19 (10.6)

16 (8.9)

35 (9.7)

 Newar

9 (5.0)

10 (5.6)

19 (5.3)

 Vegetarian

15 (8.3)

31 (17.2)

0.012^b

46 (12.8)

 Non-vegetarian

165 (91.7)

149 (82.8)

314 (87.2)

 No

60 (33.3)

152 (84.4)

< 0.001^a

212 (58.9)

 Yes

120 (66.7)

28 (15.6)

148 (41.1)

 No

155 (86.1)

179 (99.4)

< 0.001^a

334 (92.8)

 Yes

25 (13.9)

1 (0.6)

26 (7.2)

Serum urea (mmol/L)

8.9 ± 2.4

7.9 ± 2.4

< 0.001^a

8.4 ± 2.5

Serum creatinine (μmol/L)

76.7 ± 15.4

56.4 ± 12.1

< 0.001^a

66.5 ± 17.1

Height-creatinine ratio

196.2 ± 43.2

252.3 ± 51.2

< 0.001^a

224.2 ± 55.0

Serum sodium (mmol/L)

141.1 ± 2.9

141.2 ± 2.8

0.827^c

141.2 ± 2.8

Serum potassium (mmol/L)

4.4 ± 0.4

4.3 ± 0.4

0.114^c

4.3 ± 0.4