Establishment of dry chemistry based reference intervals of renal function test parameters for the adult population of Kaski District, Nepal

Table 3 Comparison of reference intervals for male and female in the different age group for renal function test parameters

Analytes	Sex	Unit	N	18–29 years	N	30–39 years	N	40–49 years	N	50–65 years	p-value
Urea	Male	mmol/L	47	8.52 ± 2.30*	39	8.42 ± 2.28	35	8.60 ± 2.17	57	9.54 ± 2.63	0.240
	Male	mg/dL		23.88 ± 6.43*		23.60 ± 6.37		24.09 ± 6.07		25.96 ± 6.72	0.240
	Female	mmol/L	52	6.81 ± 2.01	34	7.51 ± 2.09	41	7.90 ± 2.10^b	51	9.08 ± 2.74^c	< 0.001
	Female	mg/dL		19.08 ± 5.63		21.03 ± 5.82		22.15 ± 5.89^b		24.80 ± 6.60^c	< 0.001
	Total	mmol/L	99	7.62 ± 2.30	73	8.11 ± 2.22	76	8.22 ± 2.15	108	9.32 ± 2.68^c	< 0.001
	Total	mg/dL		21.36 ± 6.46		22.40 ± 6.22		23.01 ± 6.01		25.41 ± 6.66^c	< 0.001
Creatinine	Male	μmol/L	47	72.03 ± 16.10*	39	77.29 ± 13.86*	35	78.04 ± 14.30*	59	79.11 ± 15.95*^c	0.048
	Male	mg/dL		0.82 ± 0.18*		0.87 ± 0.16*		0.88 ± 0.16*		0.91 ± 0.18*^c	0.048
	Female	μmol/L	52	52.86 ± 12.80	34	55.62 ± 9.86	41	56.70 ± 10.64	53	60.21 ± 12.99^c	0.060
	Female	mg/dL		0.60 ± 0.14		0.63 ± 0.11		0.64 ± 0.12		0.67 ± 0.13^c	0.060
	Total	μmol/L	99	61.96 ± 17.30	73	67.20 ± 16.26	76	66.53 ± 16.37	112	70.16 ± 17.37^c	0.006
	Total	mg/dL		0.70 ± 0.20		0.76 ± 0.18		0.75 ± 0.19		0.79 ± 0.20^c	0.006
Sodium	Male	mmol/L/	47	139.85 ± 3.10	39	141.79 ± 2.49^a	34	142.15 ± 2.46^b	58	141.14 ± 2.85	0.001
	Female	mEq/L	52	140.52 ± 3.10	34	141.85 ± 2.16	41	141.93 ± 2.30^b	53	140.89 ± 2.89	0.033
	Total		99	140.20 ± 3.10	73	141.82 ± 2.33^a	75	142.03 ± 2.36^b	111	141.02 ± 2.86	< 0.001
Potassium	Male	mmol/L/	47	4.26 ± 0.36	39	4.35 ± 0.32	34	4.41 ± 0.32	56	4.41 ± 0.39	0.138
	Female	mEq/L	51	4.22 ± 0.38	34	4.31 ± 0.26	39	4.35 ± 0.29	53	4.32 ± 0.42	0.321
	Total		98	4.24 ± 0.37	73	4.33 ± 0.29	73	4.38 ± 0.30^b	109	4.36 ± 0.41^c	0.033

RIs are expressed as mean ± standard deviation while the number of participants is shown in column labeled N. *indicates the differences of RIs between males and females of the same age group are statistically significant (p < 0.05 by student’s t test)
^a represents the significant difference of each analyte between age group 18–29 and 30–39 years for same-sex where p < 0.05 by One-Way ANOVA and Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test
^b represents the significant difference of each analyte between age group 18–29 and 40–49 years for same-sex where p < 0.05 by One-Way ANOVA and Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test
^c represents the significant difference of each analyte between age group 18–29 and 50–65 years for same-sex where p < 0.05 by One-Way ANOVA and Dunnett’s Multiple Comparison Test

ISSN: 1471-2369