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Table 2 Age-standardized YLD, YLL and DALY rates of CKD with percent change in specific region, 1990–2019

From: Burden of chronic kidney disease and its risk-attributable burden in 137 low-and middle-income countries, 1990–2019: results from the global burden of disease study 2019

region

Age-standardized YLD rate per 100,000 persons

Age-standardized YLL rate per 100,000 persons

Age-standardized DALY rate per 100,000 persons

1990

2019

% change

1990

2019

% change

1990

2019

% change

Global

 Male

83.06(60.14 to 108.94)

104.03(75.56 to 137.05)

25.25

454.55(426.04 to 488.90)

470.20(435.54 to 510.93)

3.44

537.61(499.52 to 580.01)

574.23(527.52 to 625.27)

6.81

 Female

91.65(66.14 to 118.85)

113.13(81.95 to 147.68)

23.44

352.04(328.69 to 377.34)

350.49(318.55 to 380.64)

−0.44

443.69(409.36 to 481.56)

463.61(419.34 to 509.95)

4.49

 Both

87.22(63.28 to 113.54)

108.40(78.51 to 142.56)

24.29

397.25(375.73 to 417.52)

406.46(377.87 to 434.14)

2.32

484.46(452.28 to 518.67)

514.86(474.91 to 558.86)

6.27

HICs

 Male

78.05(57.23 to 101.71)

92.63 (68.01 to 121.51)

18.67

227.74 (220.16 to 232.59)

243.88 (229.00 to 255.59)

7.09

305.79 (283.57 to 330.59)

336.51 (306.59 to 367.35)

10.04

 Female

75.28(55.46 to 98.47)

87.77 (64.41 to 114.01)

16.60

152.35 (144.34 to 157.22)

169.67 (154.42 to 181.29)

11.37

227.63 (206.55 to 251.60)

257.44 (229.34 to 286.27)

13.10

 Both

76.35(56.27 to 99.56)

89.85 (66.04 to 117.20)

17.69

183.46 (176.01 to 187.86)

203.08 (187.90 to 213.86)

10.69

259.81 (238.45 to 283.93)

292.93 (263.61 to 322.94)

12.75

LICs

 Male

61.50(44.10 to 80.97)

81.40(58.54 to 108.12)

32.35

834.31(734.05 to 920.96)

701.47(607.71 to 807.96)

−15.92

895.81(795.47 to 989.35)

782.87(682.59 to 899.47)

−12.61

 Female

77.61(56.39 to 101.50)

97.51(71.57 to 126.69)

25.65

641.19(540.91 to 773.77)

518.89(450.09 to 600.83)

−19.07

718.80(614.24 to 852.54)

616.40(538.21 to 704.61)

−14.25

 Both

69.97(50.87 to 91.78)

89.95(65.58 to 117.75)

28.56

732.18(651.61 to 822.89)

602.30(523.74 to 689.61)

−17.74

802.15(716.50 to 893.68)

692.25(605.14 to 785.67)

−13.70

Lower MICs

 Male

86.95(62.24 to 113.19)

108.85(78.37 to 142.55)

25.20

630.85(565.26 to 744.67)

651.12(579.51 to 739.73)

3.21

717.80(650.34 to 835.60)

759.97(681.95 to 856.46)

5.88

 Female

97.80(70.30 to 127.70)

123.26(88.95 to 160.66)

26.04

508.15(441.45 to 572.10)

491.88(423.51 to 548.00)

−3.20

605.95(531.23 to 677.46)

615.15(541.46 to 684.47)

1.52

 Both

92.29(66.32 to 120.32)

116.05(83.44 to 151.12)

25.75

567.85(514.72 to 621.02)

568.67(515.93 to 621.51)

0.14

660.14(601.55 to 723.28)

684.72(623.56 to 746.12)

3.72

Upper MICs

 Male

82.65(59.61 to 109.30)

104.87(74.89 to 140.33)

26.89

417.83(381.07 to 456.87)

391.98(351.77 to 433.27)

−6.19

500.48(456.39 to 545.26)

496.86(449.34 to 551.52)

−0.72

 Female

95.10(68.56 to 124.85)

116.28(83.74 to 153.68)

22.28

332.04(302.90 to 362.72)

291.19(261.08 to 324.08)

−12.30

427.14(385.04 to 470.83)

407.47(361.69 to 454.97)

−4.61

 Both

88.69(64.44 to 116.99)

110.37(79.29 to 146.64)

24.45

369.16(344.16 to 395.66)

337.18(308.47 to 366.80)

−8.66

457.84(419.92 to 494.42)

447.55(405.38 to 493.01)

−2.25

  1. CKD Chronic kidney disease, YLD Years lived with disability, YLL Years of life lost, DALY Disability-adjusted life-years, HICs High-income countries, LICs Low-income countries, Lower MICs Lower-middle income countries, Upper MICs Upper-middle income countries