Table 1 Baseline clinical and lab characteristics in the CVC and non-CVC groups

Age, (years)

49.74 ± 13.87

56.81 ± 11.78

<0.001

Duration of HD, (years)

3.29 ± 3.33

3.58 ± 3.19

0.368

Men, n (%)

144 (62.88%)

126 (61.46%)

0.761

Smoking, n (%)

37 (16.16%)

26 (12.68%)

0.305

Hypertension history, n (%)

188 (82.10%)

172 (83.90%)

0.617

Diabetes, n (%)

44 (19.21%)

58 (28.29%)

0.026

Cardiovascular disease, n (%)

103 (44.98%)

137 (66.83%)

<0.001

Phosphorus-binding medications, n (%)

179 (78.17%)

147 (71.71%)

0.12

Vitamin D medications, n (%)

198 (86.46%)

159 (77.56%)

0.015

BMI (kg/m²)

22.98 ± 3.85

22.54 ± 3.72

0.179

LAD (cm)

3.38 ± 0.50

3.60 ± 0.55

<0.001

LVDd (cm)

4.74 ± 0.61

4.77 ± 0.73

0.94

IVST (cm)

1.19 ± 0.13

1.25 ± 0.17

<0.001

LVPWT (cm)

1.14 ± 0.13

1.15 ± 0.13

0.254

LVMI(g/m²)

119.38 ± 34.04

128.07 ± 38.10

0.013

EF

0.62 ± 0.08

0.61 ± 0.11

0.678

HGB (g/L)

105.15 ± 15.24

102.77 ± 16.82

0.122

Ca (mmol/L)

2.22 ± 0.23

2.24 ± 0.24

0.438

P (mmol/L)

2.09 ± 0.62

2.06 ± 0.62

0.558

β2-Microglobulin (mg/L)

29.29 ± 6.96

30.25 ± 7.25

0.158

iPTH (pg/mL)

389.75 ± 387.76

363.69 ± 382.43

0.379

ALB (g/L)

40.30 ± 3.37

39.34 ± 3.43

0.004

UA (μmol/L)

473.75 ± 96.25

460.57 ± 95.41

0.154

25(OH)D (ng/mL)

19.81 ± 10.76

19.45 ± 9.52

0.714