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Table 1 Physical and Biochemical characteristics of the study population

From: Association of significantly elevated plasma levels of NGAL and IGFBP4 in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Marker

Non-diabetic group

(± SEM)

N = 42

T2D group

(±SEM)

(n = 50)

DN group

(±SEM)

(n = 67)

ANOVA

(P value)

Multiple comparisons with post hoc Bonferroni (P value)

T2D vs. DN

T2D vs. Healthy

DN vs. Healthy

Age in years

57.74 ± 1.32

58.96 ± 1.02

59.09 ± 1.38

0.015

1.000

0.104

0.014

Gender (M % / F%)

43 / 57

44 / 56

41 / 59

    

Body Mass Index

33.20 ± 0.69

33.94 ± 0.88

34.23 ± 0.85

0.001

1.000

0.006

0.001

SBP (mmHg)

122.50 ± 2.25

132.98 ± 3.88

132.03 ± 3.41

0.087

1.000

0.139

0.162

DBP (mmHg)

73.76 ± 1.52

69.72 ± 2.26

68.78 ± 1.98

0.21

1.000

0.574

0.261

Fasting Glucose (mmol/l)

5.52 ± 0.12

8.27 ± 0.36

9.61 ± 0.48

< 0.001

0.050

0.0001

0.0001

HbA1C (%)

5.66 ± 0.09

9.53 ± 1.73

8.09 ± 0.22

0.031

0.816

0.027

0.236

T chol (mmol/l)

4.79 ± 0.15

4.15 ± 0.0.13

4.02 ± 0.0.12

< 0.001

1.000

0.006

0.0001

TG (mmol/l)

1.07 ± 0.08

1.41 ± 0.16

1.77 ± 0.11

< 0.001

0.102

0.202

0.001

HDL (mmol/l)

1.44 ± 0.06

1.25 ± 0.0.05

1.13 ± 0.0.03

< 0.001

0.207

0.026

0.0001

LDL (mmol/l)

3.57 ± 0.73

2.28 ± 0.11

2.1 ± 0.10

0.01

1.000

0.050

0.011

VLDL (mmol/l)

0.43 ± 0.03

0.56 ± 0.06

0.71 ± 0.04

< 0.001

0.105

0.196

0.0001

Serum Creatinine (μmol/l)

75.69 ± 2.89

79.42 ± 3.54

118.36 ± 6.57

< 0.001

0.0001

1.000

0.0001

BUN (mmol/l)

5.02 ± 0.20

5.10 ± 0.29

7.53 ± 0.52

< 0.001

0.001

1.000

0.0001

eGFR MDRD (mL/min /1.73 m2)

81.07 ± 2.14

79.22 ± 3.19

59.7 ± 3.00

< 0.001

0.0001

1.000

0.0001

Albumin (g/l)

40.5 ± 0.52

37.94 ± 0.50

37.28 ± 0.42

< 0.001

0.927

0.002

0.0001

Urine Creatinine (mg/l)

14.75 ± 1.22

11.94 ± 0.86

9.08 ± 0.77

0.049

0.071

0.140

0.001

Microalbumin (mg/l)

14.82 ± 2.0

14.35 ± 1.61

490.72 ± 186.62

< 0.001

0.003

1.000

0.005

ACR (mg/g)

9.77 ± 1.2

11.32 ± 1.07

953.48 ± 327.78

0.004

0.013

1.000

0.020

NGAL (mg/l)

52.47 ± 2.9

57.22 ± 8.7

92.76 ± 7.5

< 0.001

0.002

1.000

0.001

IGFBP-1 (mg/l)

19.01 ± 2.2

31.38 ± 4.7

34.85 ± 3.3

0.0091

1.000

0.080

0.008

IGFBP-3 (mg/l)

66.01 ± 32.4

64.99 ± 27.8

69.65 ± 24.8

0.425

0.661

1.000

1.000

IGFBP-4 (ng/ml)

273.06 ± 27.8

374.56 ± 86.8

795.61 ± 130.7

< 0.001

0.013

1.000

0.003

Medications

 • ARBs (%)

None

85.3

76.2

    

 • ACEi (%)

 

14.7

23.8

    
  1. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. One-way ANOVA was used to compare various clinical and biochemical parameters (n = 156). SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HbA1c hemoglobin A1c, Tchol total cholesterol, TG triglycerides, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, VLDL very low density lipoprotein, BUN blood urea nitrogen, eGFR glomerular filtration rate, ACR urine albumin to creatinine ratio, Bonferroni post-hoc analysis was performed to compare the groups. Statistical significance is presented when p-value < 0.05
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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