Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants with and without follow-up RKFD in the development cohort
From: Nomogram to predict rapid kidney function decline in population at risk of cardiovascular disease
Variables | Missing data (%) | RKFD (n = 676) | Non-RKFD (n = 4969) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age,y | 0 (0.00) | 68.31 ± 6.84 | 67.57 ± 6.67 | < 0.010 |
Female, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 465 (68.8) | 3003 (60.4) | < 0.001 |
Height (cm) | 0 (0.05) | 154.31 ± 7.44 | 156.10 ± 8.08 | < 0.001 |
Weight (kg) | 4 (0.07) | 58.80 ± 10.49 | 59.61 ± 10.31 | 0.058 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 4 (0.07) | 24.64 ± 3.73 | 24.42 ± 3.57 | 0.128 |
Waist (cm) | 27(0.48) | 84.96 ± 9.03 | 84.94 ± 9.46 | 0.954 |
SBP (mmHg) | 11 (0.19) | 150.41 ± 20.72 | 145.62 ± 20.29 | < 0.001 |
DBP (mmHg) | 15 (0.27) | 81.21 ± 11.58 | 81.79 ± 11.29 | 0.217 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 196 (29.1) | 894 (18.6) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 557 (82.4) | 3675 (74.0) | < 0.001 |
Ever smoking, n (%) | 1 (0.02) | 79 (11.7) | 926 (18.6) | < 0.001 |
Ever drinking, n (%) | 0 (0.00) | 48 (7.1) | 630 (12.7) | < 0.001 |
Exercise | 4 (0.07) | < 0.001 | ||
Never, n (%) | 356 (52.7) | 2239 (45.1) | ||
Once a week, n (%) | 152 (22.5) | 727 (14.6) | ||
Few times a week, n (%) | 28 (4.1) | 261 (5.3) | ||
Daily, n (%) | 140 (20.7) | 1738 (35.0) | ||
Laboratory examination | ||||
Fasting glucose (mmol/L) | 6 (0.11) | 4.72 [4.26, 5.52] | 4.88 [4.43, 5.50] | 0.003 |
RBC (1012/L) | 90 (0.16) | 4.63 [4.28, 5.08] | 4.64 [4.33, 5.01] | 0.790 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 57(1.01) | 134.00 [124.00, 143.00] | 137.00 [127.00, 146.00] | < 0.001 |
WBC (109/L) | 27 (0.48) | 6.60 [5.70, 7.60] | 6.59 [5.60, 7.70] | 0.357 |
PLT (109/L) | 150 (2.66) | 209.00 [174.25, 247.00] | 211.00 [177.00, 250.00] | 0.259 |
ALT (U/L) | 10(0.18) | 23.60 [17.80, 32.65] | 22.50 [17.20, 30.20] | 0.001 |
BUN (mmol/L) | 23 (0.41) | 5.10 [4.40, 6.20] | 5.50 [4.60, 6.40] | < 0.001 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 13 (0.41) | 5.20 [4.46, 5.91] | 5.35 [4.64, 6.11] | < 0.001 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 11 (0.19) | 1.38 [0.96, 2.02] | 1.42 [0.99, 2.08] | 0.262 |
Uric acid (umol/L) | 1146(20.3) | 323.90 [261.30, 404.00] | 375.15 [304.72, 452.10] | < 0.001 |
Scr (umol/L) | 0 (0.00) | 54.45 [45.80, 68.10] | 67.70 [56.40, 81.80] | < 0.001 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | 0 (0.00) | 112.82 [91.70, 136.01] | 90.60 [76.12, 106.36] | < 0.001 |
Medications | ||||
ACEI/ARB, n (%) | 321 (5.69) | 57 (8.8) | 395 (8.4) | 0.803 |
CCB, n (%) | 322 (5.7) | 61 (9.4) | 491 (10.5) | 0.450 |
β-blocker, n (%) | 322(5.7) | 14 (2.2) | 167 (3.6) | 0.084 |
Diuretics, n (%) | 322(5.7) | 5 (0.8) | 42 (0.9) | 0.927 |
Metformin, n (%) | 199 (3.5) | 34 (5.2) | 168 (3.5) | 0.043 |