Table 1 Distribution of Risk factors for chronic kidney disease by study and sex^*

1700

(100)

2346

(100)

4046

(100)

9261

(100)

8309

(100)

17,561

(100)

Age

40–49

470

(27.7)

690

(29.4)

1160

(28.7)

3043

(36.6)

3366

(36.4)

6409

(36.5)

50–59

563

(33.1)

774

(33.0)

1337

(33.0)

2773

(33.4)

3232

(34.9)

6005

(34.2)

60–69

667

(39.2)

882

(37.6)

1548

(38.3)

2493

(30.0)

2663

(28.8)

5156

(29.4)

City

Arkhangelsk

887

(52.2)

1232

(52.5)

2119

(52.4)

–

–

–

Novosibirsk

813

(47.8)

1114

(47.5)

1927

(47.6)

–

–

–

Education

Low

147

(8.7)

134

(5.7)

281

(6.9)

1610

(19.6)

1680

(18.3)

3290

(18.9)

Middle

878

(51.7)

1280

(54.6)

2158

(53.5)

2538

(30.9)

2386

(26.0)

4942

(28.3)

Higher

675

(39.7)

932

(39.7)

1607

(39.7)

4079

(49.6)

5105

(55.7)

9184

(52.8)

Missing

90

82

172

–

Smoking status

Never smoker

432

(25.5)

1595

(68.2)

2027

(50.3)

3636

(44.1)

3748

(40.7)

7384

(42.3)

Ex-smoker

640

(37.8)

370

(15.8)

1010

(25.0)

3434

(41.6)

4022

(43.7)

7456

(42.8)

Current smoker

622

(36.7)

375

(16.0)

997

(24.7)

1179

(14.3)

1422

(15.5)

2601

(14.9)

Missing

6

6

12

60

69

129

Body mass index

< 18.5

18

(1.1)

27

(1.2)

45

(1.1)

14

(0.2)

74

(0.8)

88

(0.5)

18.5–24.9

467

(27.5)

653

(27.9)

1120

(27.8)

1930

(23.3)

3777

(40.9)

5707

(32.6)

25.0–29.9

754

(44.5)

762

(32.6)

1516

(37.6)

4213

(50.8)

3353

(36.3)

7566

(43.2)

30.0–34.9

349

(20.6)

550

(23.5)

899

(22.3)

1678

(20.2)

1432

(15.5)

3110

(17.7)

> 35

108

(6.4)

346

(14.8)

454

(11.3)

456

(5.5)

602

(6.5)

1058

(6.0)

Missing

12

18

23

41

Waist: Hip ratio

< 0.9

402

(23.7)

545

(76.8)

2202

(54.5)

2297

(27.8)

93.9

(93.9)

10,988

(62.8)

> 0.9

1297

(76.3)

1800

(23.2)

1842

(45.6)

5980

(72.3)

537

(5.8)

6517

(37.2)

Missing

1

1

2

33

32

65

137.9

(19.6)

128.9

(19.7)

132.7

(20.1)

132.5

127.0

(20.8)

129.6

(19.8)

86.2

(11.2)

80.8

(11.0)

83.1

(11.4)

78.3

(9.8)

72.8

(9.7)

75.4

(10.1)

Hypertension (measured blood pressure/use of antihypertensives)

Normotensive

496

(32.1)

853

(40.5)

1349

(36.9)

4848

(58.5)

6493

(70.3)

11,341

(64.7)

Hypertensive

(treated and controlled)

268

(17.4)

593

(28.1)

861

(23.6)

981

(11.8)

939

(10.2)

1920

(11.0)

Hypertensive

(untreated)

384

(24.9)

198

(9.4)

582

(15.9)

1701

(20.5)

1219

(13.2)

2920

(16.7)

Hypertensive (treated, uncontrolled)

396

(25.7)

465

(22.1)

861

(23.6)

762

(9.2)

582

(6.3)

1344

(7.7)

Missing

156

237

393

17

28

45

Diabetes (self-report or use of medication or HbA1c ≥ 6.5%)

No

1461

(87.2)

1961

(85.0)

3422

(85.9)

7719

(93.6)

8776

(95.5)

16,495

(94.6)

Yes

215

(12.8)

347

(15.0)

562

(14.1)

526

(6.4)

410

(4.5)

936

(5.4)

Missing

24

38

62

64

75

139

1700

(42.0)

2346

(100)

4046

(100)

8309

(100)

9261

(100)

17,570

(100)