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Table 1 Clinical characteristics of survivors of critical illness stratified by AKI status during index ICU stay

From: Acute kidney injury contributes to worse physical and quality of life outcomes in survivors of critical illness

Parameter

No AKI or AKI stage 1

n = 59

AKI stage 2 or 3

n = 45

P-value

Age, years, median (IQR)

56 (48 – 64)

53.5 (45 – 62)

p = 0.60

Sex, male, n (%)

28 (47)

28 (45)

p = 0.17

Race / ethnicity

 White

42 (71)

34 (76)

 

 Black

9 (15)

10 (22)

p = 0.19

 Hispanic / Latino

6 (10)

1 (2)

 

 Other

2 (3)

0

 

BMI, kg/m2, median (IQR)

35 (29 – 47)

32 (27 – 40)

p = 0.49

Charlson score, median (IQR)

2 (1 – 4)

2 (1 – 4)

p = 0.73

SOFA score, median (IQR)

9 (5-11)

12 (10 -14)

p < 0.001

Mechanical ventilation, n (%)

43 (73)

45 (100)

p < 0.001

Days on mechanical ventilation, median (IQR)

8 (5 – 14)

14 (8 – 20)

p = 0.009

Tracheostomy, n (%)

10 (17)

16 (36)

p = 0.037

ECMO, n (%)

4 (7)

6 (13)

p = 0.261

Exposure to steroids, n (%)

33 (56)

30 (67)

p = 0.338

Exposure to vasopressors or inotropes, n (%)

35 (59)

33 (73)

p = 0.188

Exposure to NMB, n (%)

19 (32)

27 (60)

p = 0.004

Sedative status based on RASS, mean ± SD

−1.9 ± 1.6

−3.3 ± 1.3

p < 0.001

Serum Creatinine, mg/dl, mean (SD)

 ICU admission (first 48 h)

0.83 ± 0.2

0.87 ± 0.3

p = 0.52

 Hospital Discharge

0.79 ± 0.3

1.48 ± 1.7

p = 0.001

 ICU Recovery Clinic follow-upa

1.0 ± 0.5

1.33 ± 1.4

0 = 0.23

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2, mean (SD)

 ICU admission (first 48 h)

101 ± 23

100 ± 27

p = 0.89

 Hospital Discharge

97 ± 25

72 ± 39

p = 0.001

 ICU Recovery Clinic follow-upa

77 ± 24

67 ± 29

p = 0.18

Hematocrit, %, mean (SD)

 ICU admission (first 48 h)

38.1 ± 5.1

35.7 ± 8.0

p = 0.021

 Hospital Discharge

35.3 ± 5.6

30.3 ± 6.9

p < 0.001

 ICU Recovery Clinic follow-upa

40.4 ± 5.8

36.1 ± 8.4

P = 0.007

Anemia (yes), %

 ICU admission (first 48 h)

41%

64%

p = 0.016

 Hospital Discharge

64%

96%

p < 0.001

 ICU Recovery Clinic follow-upa

22%

56%

p = 0.013

Hospital Rehabilitation

 Physical therapy, yes, n (%)

51 (86)

45 (100)

p = 0.010

 Time to PT, days, median (IQR)

9 (6 – 13)

13 (7 – 18)

p = 0.104

 Number of PT sessions, median (IQR)

3 (2 – 4)

4 (3 – 8)

p = 0.002

 Occupational therapy, yes, n (%)

48 (51)

44 (98)

p = 0.009

 Time to OT, days, median (IQR)

10 (6 – 14)

13 (9 – 19)

p = 0.061

 Number of OT sessions, median (IQR)

2 (1 – 4)

4 (2 – 6)

p = 0.013

ICU LOS, days, median (IQR)

10 (6 – 15)

18 (11 – 24)

p < 0.001

Hospital LOS, days, median (IQR)

15 (11 – 22)

29 (17 – 37)

p < 0.001

Discharge Destination, n (%)

 LTAC

5 (8)

5 (11)

 

 Acute or subacute facility

17 (29)

17 (38)

p = 0.453

 Home with home health services

17 (29)

14 (31)

 

 Home without services

20 (34)

9 (20)

 
  1. AKI acute kidney injury, BMI body mass index, SOFA sequential organ failure assessment, NMB neuromuscular blocker, ICU intensive care unit, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, LTAC long-term acute care facility, LOS length of stay, RASS Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale
  2. a Data presented for patients with follow-up laboratory testing in clinic; n = 27 for no AKI or AKI stage 1; n = 23 for AKI stage 2 or 3
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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