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Table 3 Odds ratios for white coat hypertension (WCHT) and hypertension diagnosed by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM hypertension) compared to normal blood pressure profile, comparing detectable or median levels of urinary phthalate metabolites

From: Association of urine phthalate metabolites, bisphenol A levels and serum electrolytes with 24-h blood pressure profile in adolescents

 

WCHT vs. Normal BP profile

ABPM hypertension vs. Normal BP profile

 

OR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)a

AOR (95% CI)b

AOR (95% CI)c

OR (95% CI)

AOR (95% CI)a

AOR (95% CI)b

AOR (95% CI)c

MCiNP ≥0.9 μg/L

0.40 (0.15–1.07)

0.41 (0.15–1.14)

0.48 (0.14–1.65)

 

0.63 (0.20–1.95)

0.60 (0.18–2.05)

0.45 (0.09–2.30)

 

MCPP ≥0.5 μg/L

0.24 (0.09–0.66)

0.27 (0.09–0.76)

0.25 (0.08–0.87)

0.28 (0.06–1.46)

0.24 (0.07–0.80)

0.28 (0.08–0.97)

0.16 (0.03–0.91)

0.06 (0.01–0.74)

MEHHP ≥50 μg/L

1.9 (0.7–5.2)

2.2 (0.8–6.1)

3.5 (1.0–12.3)

3.5 (0.5–23.9)

1.4 (0.5–4.3)

1.7 (0.5–5.8)

3.2 (0.6–16.6)

2.7 (0.3–24.3)

Primary/secondary DEHP ≥6.9 μg/L

0.58 (0.22–1.54)

0.70 (0.25–198)

0.92 (0.27–3.09)

 

0.51 (0.16–1.59)

0.72 (0.21–2.52)

0.95 (0.20–4.53)

 

MBzP ≥DL

8.0 (1.6–39.7)

8.5 (1.6–44.4)

6.0 (1.0–36.8)

33.5 (2.1–539.6)

11.6 (2.1–63.3)

14.1 (2.3–86.8)

15.2 (1.9–122.7)

50.5 (3.1–846.7)

ΣDBP met≥40 μg/L

0.16 (0.05–0.45)

0.16 (0.05–0.49)

0.12 (0.03–0.46)

0.06 (0.01–0.38)

0.40 (0.12–1.30)

0.49 (0.14–1.75)

0.60 (0.11–3.22)

0.98 (0.09–10.12)

MEP ≥20 μg/L

0.51 (0.19–1.36)

0.64 (0.23–1.84)

0.71 (0.22–2.28)

 

1.35 (0.43–4.28)

1.85 (0.52–6.63)

2.80 (0.57–13.92)

 

MMP ≥2.6 μg/L

0.35 (0.13–0.95)

0.27 (0.09–0.79)

0.20 (0.05–0.71)

0.17 (0.03–0.86)

0.69 (0.22–2.14)

0.49 (0.14–1.71)

0.35 (0.07–1.79)

0.15 (0.02–1.19)

  1. Multinominal logistic regression analyzed the differences in rates of detectable MBzP among groups of some BP profiles after confounding factors
  2. a adjusted for age, sex, BMI-SDS
  3. b adjusted for age, sex, BMI-SDS, white blood cell, platelet, chloride, albumin-corrected calcium x phosphate product, eGFR, urinary creatinine
  4. c adjusted for age, sex, BMI-SDS, white blood cell, platelet, chloride, albumin-corrected calcium x phosphate product, eGFR, urinary creatinine, selected five phthalate metabolites
  5. BMI-SDS body mass index standard deviation score, DL detectable level, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, MBzP mono-benzyl phthalate, MCiNP monocarboxy isononyl phthalate, MCPP mono 3-carboxypropyl phthalate, MEHHP mono 2-ethyl 5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate, MEP monoethyl phthalate, MMP monomethyl phthalate
  6. ΣDBP metabolites sum of dibutyl phthalate metabolites