Table 1 The frequency of demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables in patients presenting systemic high blood pressure (HBP) and/or diabetes mellitus (DM) without chronic kidney disease living in Viçosa - MG
VARIABLES | Total | Male | Female | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) | ||||
Total | 637 (100) | 229 (35.9) | 408 (64.1) | – |
Smokers | 71 (11.1) | 33 (46.5) | 38 (53.5) | 0.050* |
Alcohol users | 174 (27.7) | 108 (62.1) | 66 (37.9) | < 0.001* |
HBPa | 588 (92.3) | 206 (35.0) | 382 (65.0) | 0.095* |
Obesity | 184 (28.9) | 37 (20.1) | 147 (79.9) | < 0.001* |
Diabetes | 292 (45.8) | 109 (37.3) | 183 (62.7) | 0.505* |
Cardiovascular risk > 20% b | 269 (42.2) | 154 (57.2) | 115 (42.8) | < 0.001* |
Metabolic syndrome | 404 (64.5) | 112 (27.7) | 292 (72.3) | < 0.001* |
Statins | 196 (30.8) | 58 (29.6) | 138 (70.4) | 0.026* |
Lipid lowering medications | 7 (1.1) | 3 (42.9) | 4 (57.1) | 0.706** |
Diuretics | 321 (50.4) | 102 (31.8) | 219 (68.2) | 0.027* |
Adrenergic Blockers | 153 (24.0) | 36 (23.5) | 117 (76.5) | < 0.001* |
Direct-Acting Vasodilators | 13 (2.0) | 4 (30.8) | 9 (69.2) | 0.779** |
Calcium Channel Blockers (CCBs) | 102 (16.0) | 29 (28.4) | 73 (71.6) | 0.084* |
Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEIs) | 174 (27.3) | 73 (42.0) | 101 (58.0) | 0.053* |
Angiotensin II AT1 Receptor Blockers (ARBs) | 234 (36.7) | 74 (31.6) | 160 (68.4) | 0.083* |
Insulin | 57 (8.9) | 28 (49.1) | 29 (50.9) | 0.030* |
Metformin | 186 (29.2) | 67 (36.0) | 119 (64.0) | 0.981* |
Sulfonylureas | 65 (10.2) | 20 (30.8) | 45 (69.2) | 0.358* |
SGLT2 inhibitor | 2 (0.3) | 1 (50.0) | 1 (50.0) | 1.00** |
DPP-4 inhibitor | 3 (0.5) | 1 (33.3) | 2 (66.7) | 1.00** |
μ (Standard deviation) | ||||
Mean age (years) | 61.2 ± 11.8 | 60.8 ± 12.3 | 61.4 ± 11.5 | 0.563** |
BMIc (kg/m2) | 29.0 ± 5.6 | 27.3 ± 4.5 | 30.0 ± 6.0 | < 0.001** |
SBPd (mm/Hg) | 132.5 ± 18.2 | 133.0 ± 17.7 | 132.2 ± 18.4 | 0.595** |
DBPe (mm/Hg) | 81.4 ± 10.5 | 82.6 ± 10.1 | 80.8 ± 10.7 | 0.035** |
Total cholesterol (mg/dL) | 191.4 ± 39.4 | 189.1 ± 39.2 | 192.7 ± 39.5 | 0.267** |
HDL-Cf (mg/dL) | 51.2 ± 13.0 | 48.2 ± 12.7 | 52.9 ± 12.9 | < 0.001** |
GFRg(mL/min/1.73m2) | 84.5 ± 19.0 | 83.9 ± 20.1 | 84.8 ± 18.4 | 0.542** |
Median (IR 25–75) | ||||
Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 5.9 (5.6–6.8) | 5.9 (5.6–6.7) | 6.0 (5.6–6.9) | 0.505*** |
Glucose (mg/dL) | 97.0 (87.0–122.0) | 97.0 (88.0–122.0) | 96.5 (87.0–122.0) | 0.133*** |
Triglycerides (mg/dL) | 125.0 (95.0–170.0) | 115.0 (86.0–171.0) | 128.0 (101.5–169.5) | 0.043*** |
Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio | 5.0 (3.0–8.0) | 4.0 (3.0–9.0) | 5.0 (3.0–8.0) | 0.204*** |
Framinghan score (points) | 16.9 (9.5–28.3) | 27.8 (17.2–36.7) | 12.7 (8.1–21.2) | < 0.001*** |