Chronic kidney disease awareness among the general population: tool validation and knowledge assessment in a developing country

Table 1 Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of participants

Variable	Frequency or (Mean ± S.D., range)	Percentage
Age	37.15 (±16.24, 18–90)
Age Group
18–30	649	49.6
31–49	311	23.8
50+	348	26.6
Gender
Male	583	44.6
Female	725	55.4
Nationality
Lebanese	1176	89.9
Non-Lebanese	132	10.1
Area of residence
Beirut	431	33
Bekaa	189	14.4
Mount Lebanon	239	18.3
North	144	11
South	305	23.3
Marital status
Single	572	43.7
Married	642	49.1
Divorced/Widowed/Separated	94	7.2
Education status
Illiterate	97	7.4
Primary school	160	12.2
Secondary school	244	18.7
University	807	61.7
Occupation
Student	380	29.1
Healthcare	138	10.6
Non-healthcare	439	33.6
Unemployed	274	20.9
Retired	77	5.9
Alcoholic
Yes	228	17.4
No	1080	82.6
Smoker
Yes	618	47.2
No	690	52.8
Family income
< 500$	145	11.1
500–1500$	644	49.2
> 1500$	519	39.7
Health insurance
NSSF^a	658	50.3
COOP^b	92	7
Private	306	23.4
None	318	24.3
Present medical history
Hypertension	325	24.8
Diabetes mellitus	209	16
Hyperlipidemia	221	16.9
Chronic kidney disease	121	9.3
Cardiac disease	107	8.2
Cerebrovascular disease	26	2
None	801	61.2
Family history
Hypertension	748	57.2
Diabetes mellitus	590	45.1
Hyperlipidemia	397	30.4
Chronic kidney disease	124	9.5
Cardiac disease	387	29.6
Cerebrovascular disease	55	4.2
None	276	21.1
Last renal function assessment/ screening
< 6 months	225	17.2
6–12 months	129	9.9
1–2 years	133	10.2
> 2 years	162	12.4
Never been tested for renal function	441	33.7
Do not know/ remember	218	16.7
Attended any CKD awareness presentation
Yes	164	12.5
No	1144	87.5

ISSN: 1471-2369