Table 1 Baseline characteristics and variables stratified by hyperlipidemia

N

2406

533

912

158

Age, years

49.0 (38.0–60.0)

54.0 (43.0–64.0)

< 0.001

46.0 (37.0–57.0)

52.0 (42.2–63.0)

< 0.001

Men, %

1423 (59.1%)

274 (51.4%)

0.001

544 (59.6%)

79 (50.0%)

0.023

Body mass index, kg/m²

22.1 ± 6.3

23.0 ± 3.8

0.113

22.1 ± 6.3

23.0 ± 3.8

0.113

Systolic BP, mmHg

140.8 ± 26.2

141.9 ± 25.2

0.652

140.8 ± 26.2

141.9 ± 25.2

0.652

Diastolic BP, mmHg

89.5 ± 16.7

87.0 ± 15.4

0.088

89.5 ± 16.7

87.0 ± 15.4

0.088

24-hour urine volume, mL

800 (450–1200)

825 (500–1288)

0.249

800 (450–1200)

825 (500–1288)

0.249

Current smoking, (%)

228 (9.5%)

66 (12.4%)

0.043

60 (6.6%)

21 (13.3%)

0.003

Current alcohol consumption, (%)

82 (3.4%)

26 (4.9%)

0.103

18 (2.0%)

9 (5.7%)

0.006

Charlson comorbidity index

3.3 ± 0.6

3.6 ± 0.8

< 0.001

3.2 ± 0.5

3.5 ± 0.7

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus, (%)

371 (15.4%)

178 (33.4%)

< 0.001

97 (10.6%)

42 (26.6%)

< 0.001

Hypertension, (%)

1527 (63.5%)

388 (72.8%)

< 0.001

538 (59.0%)

110 (69.6%)

0.012

 A history of CVD, (%)

274 (11.4%)

136 (25.5%)

< 0.001

94 (10.3%)

26 (16.5%)

0.024

Calcium channel blockers, (%)

1496 (62.2%)

358 (67.2%)

< 0.001

502 (55.0%)

98 (62.0%)

< 0.001

Beta blockers, (%)

923 (38.4%)

290 (54.4%)

< 0.001

388 (42.5%)

85 (53.8%)

0.009

Diuretics, (%)

181 (7.5%)

19 (3.6%)

0.001

43 (4.7%)

7 (4.4%)

0.876

ACEI/ARBs, (%)

760 (31.6%)

252 (47.3%)

< 0.001

329 (36.1%)

83 (52.5%)

< 0.001

Aspirin, (%)

183 (7.6%)

61 (11.4%)

0.004

58 (6.4%)

33 (20.9%)

< 0.001

Statins, (%)

269 (11.2%)

147 (27.6%)

< 0.001

58 (6.4%)

26 (16.5%)

< 0.001

Hemoglobin, g/dL

9.1 (2.8)

10.0 (2.7)

< 0.001

9.2 ± 3.0

10.1 ± 2.5

< 0.001

Serum albumin, g/dL

3.5 (0.6)

3.4 (0.5)

0.449

3.5 ± 0.6

3.4 ± 0.5

0.587

Serum uric acid, mg/dL

6.9 (2.4)

6.9 (2.3)

0.696

6.9 ± 2.5

7.1 ± 2.2

0.325

eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m²

6.5 (4.7–8.3)

6.4 (4.7–8.3)

0.976

6.5 (4.7–8.3)

6.3 (4.4–8.2)

0.208

Cholesterol, mg/dL

151.2 (117.2–182.0)

154.7 (121.4-185.6)

0.117

149.3 (116.4-183.1)

161.8 (129.2-189.9)

0.023

Triglyceride, mg/dL

94.8 (56.7-153.3)

92.1 (55.8-151.6)

0.753

94.8 (57.4-154.2)

87.7 (53.2-152.6)

0.720

High-density lipoprotein, mg/dL

39.4 (31.3–49.9)

39.6 (31.8–49.1)

0.939

39.4 (29.8–48.8)

38.3 (32.7–49.5)

0.611

Low-density lipoprotein, mg/dL

81.3 (47.4-116.3)

83.9 (48.7-119.9)

0.127

80.4 (49.8-117.5)

83.3 (41.0-121.0)

0.527

hs-CRP, mg/L

4.3 (1.9–14.0)

4.5 (1.9–16.0)

0.622

4.2 (1.9–13.2)

4.9 (2.0-18.5)

0.065