Table 2 The characteristics of development and validation sets
From: A nomogram to predict hyperkalemia in patients with hemodialysis: a retrospective cohort study
Variable | Development set (n = 256) | Validation set (n = 145) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, year | 62.62 ± 14.71 | 61.64 ± 13.37 | 0.510 |
Blood flow (mm/s) | 241.19 ± 34.80 | 241.97 ± 32.95 | 0.827 |
Height(cm) | 162.32 ± 8.15 | 163.03 ± 7.91 | 0.399 |
Pre-dialysis weight (kg) | 59.59 ± 12.03 | 59.99 ± 11.58 | 0.750 |
Hemoglobin(g/L) | 107.79 ± 22.45 | 109.94 ± 20.52 | 0.340 |
Serum sodium(mmol/L) | 138.36 ± 3.71 | 138.15 ± 3.47 | 0.575 |
Serum calcium(mmol/L) | 2.13 ± 0.36 | 2.08 ± 0.38 | 0.223 |
Albumin(g/L) | 36.43 ± 5.97 | 35.88 ± 5.35 | 0.353 |
TC(mmol/L) | 4.35 ± 1.26 | 4.34 ± 1.34 | 0.913 |
HDL(mmol/L) | 0.97 ± 0.36 | 0.96 ± 0.34 | 0.833 |
Hemodialysis duration (month) | 14 (7, 48) | 16 (7, 48) | 0.871 |
Number of hemodialysis sessions | 145.5 (36.5, 305) | 137 (38, 306) | 0.838 |
Ultrafiltration volume(L) | 2500 (1800, 3200) | 2700 (1882.50, 3300) | 0.203 |
CRP(mg/L) | 4.14 (1, 15.34) | 3.17 (1.00, 12.20) | 0.498 |
BUN (mmol/L) | 18.1 (11.73, 27.05) | 18.7 (10.70, 24.85) | 0.681 |
Uric acid(μmol/L) | 360 (246.5, 456) | 353 (232, 424) | 0.402 |
eGFR(ml/min) | 5.90 (4.30, 9.50) | 6.4 (4.30, 10.45) | 0.761 |
Glucose(mmol/L) | 5.48 (4.59, 7.42) | 6.05 (4.90, 8.45) | 0.051 |
Serum creatinine(μmol/L) | 668 (452, 876.5) | 675 (369.50, 893.50) | 0.783 |
Serum phosphate(mmol/L) | 1.5 (1.16, 1.97) | 1.44 (1.05, 1.95) | 0.381 |
TG(mmol/L) | 1.36 (0.96, 1.91) | 1.37 (0.93, 2.11) | 0.777 |
LDL(mmol/L) | 2.04 (1.60, 2.58) | 1.98 (1.44, 2.57) | 0.675 |
PTH(pg/ml) | 239.60 (103.10, 427.98) | 212.00 (101.65, 387.05) | 0.163 |
Gender | 0.617 | ||
Male | 151 (59.0%) | 90 (62.1%) | |
Female | 105 (41.0%) | 55 (37.9%) | |
Primary disease | 0.235 | ||
Primary nephropathy | 115 (44.9%) | 51 (35.17%) | |
Glomerulonephritis | 60 (23.44%) | 24 (16.55%) | |
IgA nephropathy | 47 (18.36%) | 18 (12.41%) | |
Membranous nephropathy | 5 (1.95%) | 8 (5.52%) | |
Interstitial nephritis | 3 (1.17%) | 1 (0.69%) | |
Secondary nephropathy | 105 (41.01%) | 72 (49.66%) | |
Diabetes nephropathy | 50 (19.53%) | 30 (20.69%) | |
Hypertensive nephropathy | 55 (21.48%) | 42 (28.97%) | |
Hereditary nephropathy | 7 (2.73%) | 6 (4.14%) | |
Unknown etiology | 29 (11.33%) | 16 (11.03%) | |
Professional | 0.636 | ||
Farmer | 199 (78.0%) | 116 (80.0%) | |
Worker | 8 (3.1%) | 4 (2.8%) | |
Clerk | 11 (4.3%) | 4 (2.8%) | |
Retirees | 18 (7.1%) | 8 (5.5%) | |
Student | 1 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | |
Self-employed | 13 (5.1%) | 6 (4.1%) | |
Unemployed people | 5 (2.0%) | 7 (4.8%) | |
Education level | 0.653 | ||
Primary school diploma | 58 (22.7%) | 37 (25.5%) | |
Junior high school diploma | 47 (18.4%) | 22 (15.2%) | |
High school diploma | 13 (5.1%) | 10 (6.9%) | |
College diploma | 9 (3.5%) | 8 (5.5%) | |
Illiteracy | 128 (50.2%) | 68 (46.9%) | |
Hemodialysis vascular access | 0.588 | ||
Temporary tube | 13 (5.1%) | 7 (4.8%) | |
Long term tube | 81 (31.6%) | 39 (26.9%) | |
Fistula | 162 (63.3%) | 99 (68.3%) | |
Dialysis modalities | 1.000 | ||
HD | 49 (19.1%) | 28 (19.3%) | |
HD + HF | 207 (80.9%) | 117 (80.7%) | |
Hyperkalemia | 1.000 | ||
Yes | 154 (60.2%) | 88 (60.7%) | |
No | 102 (39.8%) | 57 (39.3%) | |
Furosemide | 0.101 | ||
Yes | 184 (71.9%) | 92 (63.4%) | |
No | 72 (28.1%) | 53 (36.6%) | |
ACEI/ARB | 0.280 | ||
Yes | 179 (79.9%) | 93 (64.1%) | |
No | 77 (30.1%) | 52 (35.9%) | |
Hypertension | 0.804 | ||
Yes | 58 (22.7%) | 31 (21.4%) | |
No | 198 (77.3%) | 114 (78.6%) | |
Diabetes mellitus | 0.254 | ||
Yes | 161 (62.9%) | 82 (56.6%) | |
No | 95 (37.1%) | 63 (43.4%) |