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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the total study population

From: Assessment of a serum calcification propensity test for the prediction of all-cause mortality among hemodialysis patients

Parameter1

Total population (n = 776)

T50

91-255 min

(n = 259)

T50

256-309 min

(n = 261)

T50

310-544 min

(n = 256)

p-value1

Age [years]

72 ± 13

73 ± 11

73 ± 13

70 ± 14

0.0082

Male [%]

63.8

66.0

60.9

64.5

0.4633

Dialysis vintage [months]

35.1 [15.4;71.2]

35.4 [17.2;68.0]

34.2 [14.5;76.8]

35.9 [14.7;71.2]

0.9993

Causes of end-stage renal disease [%]

    

0.6201

Diabetes mellitus

19.9

21.2

21.1

17.2

Glomerular disease

11.0

11.2

8.8

12.9

Hypertension/atherosclerosis

9.8

12.7

7.7

9.0

Congenital malformations

5.4

4.6

6.9

4.7

Interstitial kidney diseases

5.0

4.6

5.4

5.1

Cancer

0.9

0.4

1.2

1.2

Amyloidosis

0.4

0.4

0.8

0.0

Other

1.8

1.9

1.2

2.3

Unknown

45.9

42.9

47.1

47.7

Height [cm]

162.6 ± 9.6

163.0 ± 9.9

161.9 ± 9.5

162.9 ± 9.4

0.3191

Body weight, postdialysis [kg]

70.9 ± 15.7

71.4 ± 15.4

70.1 ± 15.6

71.2 ± 16.2

0.6047

Diabetes [%]

42.5

45.2

39.1

43.4

0.3529

Cardiovascular disease [%]

55.0

59.5

50.6

55.1

0.1257

Age adjusted Charlson comorbidity index

7.2 ± 2.3

7.3 ± 2.3

7.2 ± 2.4

6.9 ± 2.4

0.0595

BCM measurements

     

Body mass index [kg/m²]

26.8 ± 5.5

26.9 ± 5.2

26.7 ± 5.5

26.8 ± 5.7

0.9641

Total body water [l]

32.9 ± 7.0

33.4 ± 7.6

32.6 ± 6.8

32.9 ± 6.7

0.4479

Intracellular water [l]

15.9 [13.5;18.8]

15.9 [13.4;18.9]

15.7 [13.3;18.4]

16.0 [13.7;18.9]

0.6516

Extracellular water [l]

16.5 ± 3.1

16.7 ± 3.0

16.4 ± 3.2

16.4 ± 3.2

0.4811

Fat tissue mass [kg]

28.3 ± 11.1

28.4 ± 10.8

27.7 ± 10.9

28.6 ± 11.7

0.6505

Lean tissue mass [kg]

30.1 [24.1;37.1]

30.7 [23.7;37.2]

30.1 [23.8;37.0]

29.9 [24.6;37.0]

0.8358

Fluid overload [l]

1.6 ± 1.3

1.6 ± 1.3

1.6 ± 1.3

1.4 ± 1.3

0.2252

Systolic blood pressure, predialysis [mmHg]

137.3 ± 27.6

136.2 ± 29.0

136.4 ± 25.5

139.2 ± 28.1

0.3684

Diastolic blood pressure, predialysis [mmHg]

63.3 ± 16.1

62.8 ± 16.5

62.7 ± 15.8

64.4 ± 16.0

0.4261

Pulse pressure [mmHg]

75.2 ± 20.8

75.4 ± 22.8

75.0 ± 19.1

75.2 ± 20.3

0.9791

Vascular access [%]

     

Fistula

69.6

67.2

70.5

71.1

0.6508

Graft

3.1

3.1

2.3

3.9

Catheter

27.3

29.7

27.2

25.0

Treatment modality [%]

     

Hemodialysis

6.4

7.0

3.8

8.6

0.0810

Hemodiafiltration (HDF)

93.6

93.1

96.2

91.4

Treatment parameters

     

Effective treatment time [min]

242.0 ± 11.9

241.5 ± 11.7

242.2 ± 7.9

242.4 ± 15.0

0.6744

OCM Kt/V2

1.9 ± 0.4

1.9 ± 0.4

2.0 ± 0.4

1.9 ± 0.4

0.1968

Convective volume (HDF) [l]

26.3 [24.2;28.1]

26.0 [24.0;27.7]

26.2 [24.5;28.1]

26.5 [24.8;28.6]

0.0335

Dialysate electrolyte prescription

     

Bicarbonate (acetic acid) [mmol/l]

35.0 [35.0;35.0]

35.0 [35.0;35.0]

35.0 [35.0;35.0]

35.0 [35.0;35.0]

1.0000

Calcium [mmol/l]

1.5 [1.4;1.5]

1.5 [1.5;1.5]

1.5 [1.3;1.5]

1.5 [1.5;1.5]

0.0384

Potassium [mmol/l]

1.5 [1.5;2.0]

1.5 [1.5;2.0]

1.5 [1.5;2.0]

1.5 [1.5;1.5]

0.0117

Sodium [mmol/l]

140.0 [140.0;140.0]

140.0 [140.0;140.0]

140.0 [140.0;140.0]

140.0 [140.0;140.0]

1.0000

Magnesium [mmol/l]

0.5 [0.5;0.5]

0.5 [0.5;0.5]

0.5 [0.5;0.5]

0.5 [0.5;0.5]

1.0000

Lab values

     

T50 CIT2 [min]

283.4 ± 64.0

215.9 ± 32.5

282.8 ± 16.0

352.2 ± 41.6

< 0.0001

Fetuin-A [mg/ml]

0.4 ± 0.1

0.3 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.1

0.4 ± 0.1

< 0.0001

Albumin [g/dl]

3.7 ± 0.4

3.6 ± 0.4

3.7 ± 0.3

3.8 ± 0.3

< 0.0001

Phosphate [mmol/l]

1.4 ± 0.4

1.6 ± 0.4

1.4 ± 0.4

1.3 ± 0.3

< 0.0001

Calcium [mmol/l]

2.2 ± 0.1

2.2 ± 0.1

2.2 ± 0.1

2.3 ± 0.1

< 0.0001

Magnesium [mmol/l]

0.9 ± 0.2

0.9 ± 0.1

0.9 ± 0.1

1.0 ± 0.2

< 0.0001

Bicarbonate [mmol/l]

23.5 ± 2.7

22.5 ± 2.6

23.2 ± 2.3

24.8 ± 2.6

< 0.0001

Creatinine, predialysis [mg/dl]

6.9 ± 2.0

7.1 ± 2.0

6.8 ± 2.0

6.9 ± 1.9

0.1716

Hemoglobin [g/dl]

10.9 ± 1.2

11.0 ± 1.3

10.9 ± 1.2

10.9 ± 1.2

0.7025

C-reactive protein [mg/l]

6.6 [3.2;13.7]

8.6 [4.1;22.2]

5.8 [3.0;12.6]

5.9 [2.8;10.7]

< 0.0001

iPTH [pg/ml]

225.2 [136.1;361.6]

237.7 [128.1;399.4]

230.1 [135.7;349.1]

216.7 [144.2;333.6]

0.4695

Alkaline phosphatase [IU/l]

92.0 [70.0;121.0]

91.0 [69.0;122.0]

92.0 [70.5;120.0]

92.0 [74.0;119.0]

0.8629

Medications 3 [%]

     

Statins

52.7

52.9

52.9

52.3

0.9900

Phosphate binders

69.6

73.0

68.2

67.6

0.3449

Calcium-based phosphate binders4

56.7

58.3

54.4

57.4

0.6427

Non-calcium-based phosphate binders4

27.5

30.1

28.0

24.2

0.3163

Agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system

19.9

19.7

19.9

19.9

0.9971

Vitamin D

46.4

44.8

44.4

50.0

0.3668

Calcifediol (25-OH-D3)4

2.1

1.5

3.1

1.6

0.3752

Calcimetics

19.1

22.0

16.9

18.4

0.3074

  1. 1 Data are presented as mean ± SD, median [q1;q3] or n [%], as appropriate. P-value was calculated by one-way ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis for continuous variables and chi-squared test for categorical variables
  2. 2 OCM: Online Clearance Monitoring; CIT: Calcification Inhibition Test
  3. 3 ATC codes for medications: statins (C10AA, C10BA, C10BX), phosphate binders (V03AE17, V03AE07, A12AA12, V03AE16, A12AA04, V03AE03, V03AE04, V03AE02, V03AE05, V03AE06, V03AE08, V03AE11, V03AE12), agents acting on the renin-angiotensin system (C09AA, C09BA, C09BB, C09BX, C09CA, C09DA, C09DB, C09DX, C09XA), Vitamin D (A11CC, A12AX), Calcimetics (H05BX01).
  4. 4 Percentage was calculated among the total population
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BMC Nephrology

ISSN: 1471-2369

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