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Table 4 Association between Tobacco Exposure and Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Kidney-related Outcomes in Adjusted Regression Models (reference group: non-smokers)a in Adult NEPTUNE Participants

From: Tobacco exposure in adults and children with proteinuric glomerulopathies: a NEPTUNE cohort study

 

Active Smokers

Exclusive Passive Smokers

 

OR (95% CI)

p value

OR (95% CI)

p value

Hypertensive BP

0.51 (0.22, 1.16)

0.11

1.26 (0.84, 1.90)

0.26

Dyslipidemia

1.29 (0.78, 2.13)

0.32

Failed to Converge

 

Complete remission

0.86 (0.70, 1.05)

0.13

1.00 (0.79, 1.27)

0.98

 

β (95% CI)

p value

β (95% CI)

p value

Systolic BP (mmHg)

1.26 (-1.21, 3.72)

0.32

0.363 (-1.88, 2.61)

0.75

Diastolic BP (mmHg)

0.43 (-2.05, 2.91)

0.73

0.01 (-2.00, 2.01)

0.99

HDL (mg/dl)

0.00 (-3.75, 3.75)

1

1.34 (-6.04, 8.71)

0.72

LDL (mg/dl)

7.12 (-4.01, 18.24)

0.21

-6.79 (-29.78, 16.21)

0.56

Triglycerides (mg/dl)

3.41 (-31.02, 37.84)

0.58

-21.86 (-59.13, 15.40)

0.25

Total Cholesterol (mg/dl)

17.91 (0.06, 35.76)

0.049

-38.85 (-87.21, 9.51)

0.12

UPCr (g/g)

0.39 (-0.09, 0.87)

0.12

1.23 (0.13, 2.33)

0.03

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m2)

3.06 (-2.96, 9.07)

0.32

4.13 (-2.52, 10.78)

0.22

 

 h (95% CI)

p value

HR (95% CI)

p value

CKD progression

1.24 (0.91, 1.68)

0.17

0.71 (0.48, 1.04)

0.08

Kidney failure

0.82 (0.51, 1.32)

0.41

-

-

  1. a Models were adjusted for age, sex, weight status, race, glomerular diagnosis, UPC, log eGFR and steroids. Exceptions: UPC model did not include UPC. eGFR model did not include eGFR. Kidney Failure adjusted only for age and sex due to small number of events in adults. Kidney failure not performed in children due to small number of events. CKD progression in children adjusted for age and sex due to small number of events