Table 2 The clinical features of patients with pediatric glomerular disease
NS (n = 20) | IgA nephropathy (n = 8) | Glomerulonephritis (n = 3) | Secondary glomerular disease (n = 14) | Reference value | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SRNS(n = 3) | SDNS/FRNS(n = 12) | Nephritic type NS(n = 5) | Lupus nephritis(n = 5) | Purpura nephritis(n = 9) | ||||
Gender | ||||||||
Male (n) | 1 | 6 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 4 | ·· |
Female (n) | 2 | 6 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 5 | ·· |
The median age at the time of kidney biopsy (year) | 4.4 | 11.2 | 9.8 | 6.9 | 11.1 | 12.5 | 10.8 | ·· |
The onset age at manifestation (year) | 4.3 | 8.8 | 9.6 | 6.7 | 10.7 | 11.2 | 9.4 | ·· |
Respiratory tract infection at the time of biopsy(n) | 3 | 8 | 2 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 1 | ·· |
Laboratory finding | ||||||||
White blood cell (10^9/L) | 13.8 | 10.1 | 12.1 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 7.9 | 9.9 | 3.6–9.7 |
Lymphocyte count (10^9/L) | 5.3 | 3.6 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.22–4.16 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 144.7 | 141.8 | 119.4 | 121.1 | 122.3 | 100.8 | 119.7 | 110–146 |
Platelet (10^9/L) | 471 | 305.2 | 252 | 233.5 | 264 | 220.2 | 299 | 100–450 |
C-reactive protein(CRP, mg/L) | 0.6 | 0.7 | 20.4 | 8.6 | 23.3 | 0.1 | 8.3 | 0–8 |
Antistreptolycin o (ASO, IU/ml) | 9 | 11.2 | 372.4 | 38.8 | 174.3 | 61 | 53.5 | 0–200 |
IgG (g/L) | 1.7 | 2.9 | 6.3 | 7.4 | 8.5 | 11.4 | 6.3 | 6.5–16 |
IgA (g/L) | 1.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.1 | 0.29–2.7 |
IgM (g/L) | 1.9 | 2.2 | 2.0 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 0.5–2.6 |
Albumin(g/L) | 23.3 | 22.7 | 28.6 | 38.3 | 30.3 | 20.8 | 33.6 | 35–50 |
Serum creatinine(umol/L) | 26.7 | 47.7 | 45.5 | 61.6 | 308.3 | 73.2 | 42.7 | 62–106 |
Proteinuria | 2 + (1/3 patients) | 2 + (5/12 patients) | ·· | ·· | ·· | 1 + (1/5 patients) | ·· | Negative |
3 + (1/3 patients) | 3 + (4/12 patients) | 2 + (2/5 patients) | 2 + (2/8 patients) | 2 + (1/3 patients) | 2 + (1/5 patients) | 2 + (6/9 patients) | ·· | |
4 + (1/3 patients) | 4 + (3/12 patients) | 3 + (3/5 patients) | 3 + (1/8 patients) | 3 + (2/3 patients) | 3 + (3/5 patients) | 3 + (3/9 patients) | ·· | |
24-h urine protein(g) | 1.3 | 3 | 2.7 | 0.82 | ·· | 2.9 | 3.6 | < 0.14 g/24 h |
Hematuria | 0 patient | 5 ~ 10RBC/HPF (2/12 patients) | 1 + (1/5 patients) | 1 + (2/8 patients) | ·· | 5 ~ 10 RBC/HPF (2/5 patients) | 0 ~ 2 RBC/HPF (1/9 patients) | 0 ~ 3RBC/HPF |
·· | ·· | 2 + (1/5 patients) | 2 + (3/8 patients) | ·· | 2 + (1/5 patients) | 2 + (1/9 patients) | ·· | |
·· | ·· | 3 + (1/5 patients) | 3 + (3/8 patients) | 3 + (1/3 patients) | 3 + (1/5 patients) | 3 + (4/9patients) | ·· | |
·· | ·· | 4 + (2/5 patients) | ·· | 4 + (1/3 patients) | 4 + (1/5 patients) | 4 + (3/9 patients) | ·· | |
Treatment at the time of biopsy(n) | ·· | |||||||
Prednisolone | 3 | 12 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 8 | ·· |
Cyclosporine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ·· |
Cyclophosphamide | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | ·· |
Tacrolimus | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | ·· |
Hemoperfusion | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 1 | ·· |
Treatment after biopsy(n) | ·· | |||||||
Prednisolone | 3 | 12 | 5 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 9 | ·· |
Cyclosporine | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ·· |
Cyclophosphamide | 2 | 1 | 2 | 1 | 0 | 2 | 5 | ·· |
Tacrolimus | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 3 | ·· |
Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | ·· |
Hemoperfusion | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 3 | ·· |
Histopathology | MCD | MCD, FSGS, MN | MsPGN, CsGN, IgA nephropathy, MCD | MsPGN, IgA nephropathy, CsGN, MCD | MCD, IgA nephropathy | Lupus nephritis, FSGS | Purpura nephritis, MsPGN | ·· |
Others | ·· | 1 patient had dwarfism; 1patient had hepatitis; 1 patient suffered from attention deficit hyperactivity disorder | 1 patient had hypertensive encephalophy | ·· | ·· | 1 patient had hypertensive encephalophy; 1 patient died of respiratory failure | 1 patient had hypertensive encephalophy | ·· |