Table 1 Perioperative Characteristics of the Study Population

Demographic data

Male (%)

242 (52.7)

265 (61.8)

0.007

Age (years)

66.04 ± 7.89

66.48 ± 7.62

0.402

BMI (kg/m²)

23.43 ± 2.96

23.47 ± 3.07

0.858

Comorbidities

Hypertension (%)

241 (52.6)

256 (59.7)

0.036

DM (%)

82 (17.9)

85 (19.8)

0.492

NYHA grade 3–4 (%)

289 (67.8)

282 (68.8)

0.824

LVEF (%)

58 ± 9

56 ± 10

0.029

Angiography data

Interval between angiography and surgery (days)

4 (2,7)

4 (2,6)

0.041

0-2d

187 (40.7)

196 (45.7)

0.154

3-6d

136 (29.6)

144 (33.6)

0.220

≥7d

136 (29.6)

89 (20.7)

0.003

Contrast volume (ml)

70 (60,90)

70 (60,90)

0.432

Contrast volume/ eGFR ratio

1.72 ± 1.49

1.65 ± 0.81

0.374

Femoral artery approach (%)

56 (12.2)

47 (11.0)

0.601

Baseline laboratory indices

Hemoglobin (g/L)

129.78 ± 16.03

126.01 ± 18.12

0.001

Albumin (g/L)

40.15 ± 3.60

39.31 ± 3.70

0.001

BUN (mmol/L)

9.53 ± 4.82

9.49 ± 3.77

0.907

Serum creatinine (µmol/L)

128.32 ± 64.47

129.98 ± 37.31

0.641

eGFR (ml/min/1.73m²)

49.35 ± 10.28

48.16 ± 9.46

0.074

15 ≤ eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m²

25 (5.5)

23 (5.4)

0.997

30 ≤ eGFR < 45 ml/min/1.73m²

81 (19.38)

103 (24.0)

0.02

45 ≤ eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m²

353(76.9)

303 (70.6)

0.039

Uric acid(µmol/L)

465.89 ± 177.94

486.22 ± 163.35

0.079

Surgery

Sole Valve (%)

276 (60.1)

241 (56.2)

0.336

Sole CABG (%)

163 (35.5)

140 (32.6)

0.725

Valve & CABG (%)

20 (4.4)

48 (11.2)

0.001

CPB duration (mins)

90 (71,115)

104 (76,129)

0.001

Cross-clamp duration (mins)

57.34 ± 24.89

61.99 ± 27.08

0.036

BARC type 3–4 (%)

132 (28.8)

143 (33.3)

0.147

Prognosis

In-hospital mortality

3 (0.7)

16 (3.7)

0.002

Length of ICU stay (hours)

42 (21,70)

65 (26,113)

0.001

Length of hospital stay (days)

14 (11,17)

15 (12,21)

0.005