Table 1 Baseline characteristics of study participants
Characteristics | Overall | control | exercise | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|  | (n = 37) | (n = 21) | (n = 16) |  |
Male, n (%) | 18 (48.6) | 10 (47.6) | 8 (50.0) | 0.886 |
Age, years | 57.4 ± 12.7 | 56.8 ± 12.3 | 58.2 ± 13.5 | 0.740 |
HD duration, months | 51.2 ± 46.9 | 68.9 ± 47.9 | 28.1 34.7 | 0.005 |
Blood flow rate (ml/min) | 278.4 ± 23.0 | 276.2 ± 24.4 | 281.3 ± 21.6 | 0.516 |
Hypertention, n (%) | 24 (64.9) | 15 (71.4) | 14 (87.5) | 0.423 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 25 (67.6) | 11 (52.4) | 9 (56.3) | 0.815 |
Cerebrovascular diseases, n (%) | 4 (10.8) | 1 (4.8) | 3 (18.8) | 0.296 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL | 10.5 ± 1.1 | 10.2 ± 1.0 | 10.8 ± 1.2 | 0.146 |
Albumin, g/dL | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.5 | 3.9 ± 0.2 | 0.477 |
Creatinine, mg/dL | 10.1 ± 2.3 | 10.4 ± 2.2 | 9.8 ± 2.4 | 0.477 |
Calcium, mg/dL | 8.7 ± 0.7 | 8.8 ± 0.7 | 8.7 ± 0.7 | 0.628 |
Phosphate, mg/dL | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 4.8 ± 1.5 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 0.672 |
URR | 75.0 ± 3.9 | 75.0 ± 4.0 | 75.1 ± 3.9 | 0.910 |
Kt/V | 1.67 ± 0.20 | 1.67 ± 0.19 | 1.67 ± 0.2 | 0.963 |
BMI | 21.4 ± 2.7 | 21.5 ± 3.0 | 21.3 ± 2.3 | 0.842 |
Skeletal muscle mass | 24.4 ± 4.0 | 24.3 ± 4.2 | 24.5 ± 3.9 | 0.908 |
Hand grip (kg) | 24.0 ± 8.4 | 26.1 ± 8.8 | 21.2 ± 7.1 | 0.076 |
Walking speed (m/s) | 0.83 ± 0.22 | 0.83 ± 0.24 | 0.86 ± 0.20 | 0.478 |