Fig. 1

Renal biopsy specimen by light microscopy. a Glomerulus with a cellular crescent. Representative Periodic acid-Schiff staining (400 × magnification), Scale bars is 50 µm; Immunofluorescence staining shows a granular pattern for (b) IgA and (c) C3 in the mesangium (400 × magnification), Scale bars is 50 µm, Images were acquired using BZ-X710 all-in-one fluorescence microscope with BZ-X Viewer program (Keyence, Osaka, Japan). No enhancement of the images was performed. The measured resolution was 4080 × 3060; d Electron microscopy (Hitachi HT7700, Tokyo, Japan) shows electron-dense deposits mainly in mesangial area (4000 × magnification), Scale bars is 20 µm