Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the participants
Characteristic | PSL, N = 460 | PSL + IS, N = 635 | C, N = 547 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (y), mean (± SD) | 70 (13) | 68 (11) | 69 (13) | < 0.001 |
Male, n (%) | 279 (61%) | 397 (63%) | 340 (62%) | 0.810 |
Past History | ||||
HT, n (%) | 378 (82%) | 540 (85%) | 443 (81%) | 0.160 |
DM, n (%) | 223 (48%) | 371 (58%) | 229 (42%) | < 0.001 |
AF or AFL, n (%) | 37 (8.0%) | 41 (6.5%) | 27 (4.9%) | 0.130 |
COPD, n (%) | 15 (3.3%) | 15 (2.4%) | 15 (2.7%) | 0.670 |
Cerebrovascular disease, n (%) | 3 (0.7%) | 9 (1.4%) | 12 (2.2%) | 0.130 |
Cardiac event, n (%) | 4 (0.9%) | 8 (1.3%) | 5 (0.9%) | 0.860 |
HF, n (%) | 9 (2.0%) | 4 (0.6%) | 10 (1.8%) | 0.110 |
Prescription | ||||
PSL, n (%) | 441 (96%) | 629 (99%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
mPSL iv, n (%) | 51 (11%) | 91 (14%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
mPSL po, n (%) | 6 (1.3%) | 11 (1.7%) | 0 (0%) | 0.002 |
DEX, n (%) | 19 (4.1%) | 3 (0.5%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
BMS, n (%) | 3 (0.7%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0 (0%) | 0.190 |
MMF, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 11 (1.7%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
Tac, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 27 (4.3%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
CY po, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 29 (4.6%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
CY iv, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 9 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
CsA, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 480 (76%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
RTX, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 29 (4.6%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
MZR, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 212 (33%) | 0 (0%) | < 0.001 |
ACEi, n (%) | 34 (7.4%) | 72 (11%) | 60 (11%) | 0.073 |
ARB, n (%) | 330 (72%) | 477 (75%) | 358 (65%) | 0.001 |
Prescription of nutritional guidance | 93 (20%) | 152 (24%) | 102 (19%) | 0.072 |
Primary outcome | 0.003 | |||
Initiation of KRT, n (%) | 21 (4.6%) | 36 (5.7%) | 30 (5.5%) | |
Death, n (%) | 41 (8.9%) | 45 (7.1%) | 17 (3.1%) | |
Secondary outcome | < 0.001 | |||
Admission for pneumonia, n (%) | 33 (7.2%) | 45 (7.1%) | 13 (2.4%) | |
Admission for sepsis, n (%) | 7 (1.5%) | 1 (0.2%) | 1 (0.2%) | |
Admission for UTI, n (%) | 6 (1.3%) | 10 (1.6%) | 4 (0.7%) | |
Admission for cellulitis, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0%) | |
Admission for CMV infection, n (%) | 0 (0%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Admission for colitis, n (%) | 3 (0.7%) | 7 (1.1%) | 3 (0.5%) | |
Admission for hepatitis, n (%) | 1 (0.2%) | 2 (0.3%) | 0 (0%) | |
Death, n (%) | 30 (6.5%) | 34 (5.4%) | 16 (2.9%) | |
Days from diagnosis to initiation of glucocorticoids, mean (± SD) | 100 (334) | 45 (182) | 0 (0) | < 0.001 |