Table 3 Identified causes according to the PCNE DRP classification tool V8.03
Cause of the problem | PCNE Code | Number and Frequency (%) |
|---|---|---|
Drug selection | C1 | 100 (46,9) |
Inappropriate drug according to guidelines/formulary | C1.1 | 18 (8,4) |
Inappropriate drug (within guidelines but otherwise contra-indicated) | C1.2 | 13 (6,1) |
No indication for drug | C1.3 | 3 (1,4) |
Inappropriate combination of drugs, or drugs and herbal medications, or drugs and dietary supplements | C1.4 | 31 (14,5) |
No or incomplete drug treatment despite existing indication | C1.6 | 34 (16,0) |
Too many drugs prescribed for indication | C1.7 | 1 (0,5) |
Drug form | C2 | 2 (0,9) |
Inappropriate drug form (for this patient) | C2.1 | 2 (0,9) |
Dose selection | C3 | 74 (34,7) |
Drug dose too low | C3.1 | 3 (1,4) |
Drug dose too high | C3.2 | 28 (13,1) |
Dosage regimen does not frequent enough | C3.3 | 6 (2,8) |
Dosage regimen too frequent | C3.4 | 6 (2,8) |
Dose timing instructions wrong, unclear or missing | C3.5 | 32 (15,0) |
Treatment duration | C4 | 0 (0,0) |
Dispensing | C5 | 8 (3.8) |
Prescribed drug not available | C5.1 | 1 (0,5) |
Necessary information not provided | C5.2 | 3 (1,4) |
Wrong drug, strength or dosage advised (OTC) | C5.3 | 4 (1,9) |
Drug use process | C6 | 5 (2,3) |
Inappropriate timing of administration or dosing intervals | C6.1 | 4 (1,9) |
Drug over-administered | C6.3 | 1 (0,5) |
Patient related | C7 | 12 (5,6) |
Patient takes food that interacts | C7.5 | 4 (1,9) |
Patient stores drug inappropriately | C7.6 | 6 (2,8) |
Patient administers/uses the drug in a wrong way | C7.8 | 1 (0,5) |
Patient unable to use drug/form as directed | C7.9 | 1 (0,5) |
Other | C8 | 12 (5,6) |
No or inappropriate outcome monitoring (incl. TDM) | C8.1 | 6 (2,8) |
Other cause | C8.2 | 6 (2,8) |