The association between proton pump inhibitor use and risk of post-hospitalization acute kidney injury: a multicenter prospective matched cohort study

Table 2 Association of PPI use at 3 months post-discharge and subsequent adverse outcomes

Events	Median months (Q1, Q3) *	PPI use N (%)	PPI non-use N (%)	RR or HR (95% CI) **
Post-hospitalization AKI
All participants	17.5 (6.8, 41.6)	21 (30.9%)	82 (30.1%)	0.91 (0.38, 1.45)
AKI at baseline	13.2 (6.0, 31.2)	11 (34.4%)	49 (38.3%)	0.85 (0.11, 1.56)
No AKI at baseline	35.9 (13.3, 51.9)	10 (27.8%)	33 (22.9%)	1.01 (0.27, 1.76)
Progression of kidney disease
All participants	39.1 (15.2, 53.5)	6 (8.8%)	13 (4.8%)	1.49 (0.51, 4.36)
AKI at baseline	31.5 (10.0, 38.7)	4 (12.5%)	7 (5.5%)	2.41 (0.68, 8.61)
No AKI at baseline	46.0 (41.6, 64.4)	2 (5.6%)	6 (4.2%)	1.20 (0.24, 5.96)

* Median months from cohort start to incidence of events, with 1st quartile (Q1) and 3rd quartile (Q3)
** For the events of post-hospitalization AKI, the measure is Rate Ratio (RR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)
For the events of progression of kidney disease, the measure is Hazard Ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI)
Abbreviations: PPI: Proton Pump Inhibitor; AKI: Acute Kidney Injury

ISSN: 1471-2369