Fig. 3

eGFR trajectories of individuals with AKI (green) and without AKI (red) for men and women calculated with a linear mixed-model in a nested case-control study

eGFR trajectories were estimated with a mixed-effect model based on pooled results of multiple imputed data with 95% confidence intervals (grey area) for men with (n = 202) and without (n = 202) AKI and women with (n = 161) and without (n = 161) AKI .The x-axis shows the time (years) from inclusion into the study until hospitalization with or without AKI. To compare eGFR trajectories of individuals before hospitalization with AKI (cases) and without AKI (controls) we performed a nested case-control study with age at admission, sex, and length between study visit and hospitalization as matching criteria. The following variables were included in the model: age, log-transformed UACR (continuous), diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, congestive heart failure, peripheral artery disease, myocardial infarction, stroke, atrial fibrillation, BMI, smoking, polymedication (≥ 5 medication), number of prior hospitalizations, and log-transformed CRP (continuous)

eGFR_BIS2: estimated glomerular filtration rate based on the creatinine and cystatin C-based BIS2 Eq. (15). BIS, Berlin Initiative Study. CI, confidence interval. AKI acute kidney injury. BMI, body mass index