Table 1 Baseline characteristics of individuals stratified by depression severity and low-grade inflammation
Variables | Total | Group 1 | Group 2 | Group 3 | Group 4 | p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(n = 358) | (n = 85) | (n = 126) | (n = 62) | (n = 85) | ||
Sociodemographic factors | ||||||
Gender, female (%) | 212 (59.2) | 49 (57.6) | 74 (58.7) | 35 (56.5) | 54 (63.5) | 0.813 |
Age (years) | 47.3 ± 14.0 | 43.8 ± 13.5 | 45.1 ± 13.3 | 51.2 ± 14.9 | 51.1 ± 13.6 | < 0.001 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 21.8 ± 3.3 | 21.0 ± 3.4 | 22.0 ± 3.2 | 21.9 ± 3.4 | 22.2 ± 3.2 | 0.114 |
Etiology of ESRD | 0.386 | |||||
Chronic glomerulonephritis (%) | 229 (64.0) | 63 (74.1) | 81 (64.3) | 35 (56.5) | 50 (58.8) | |
Diabetic nephropathy (%) | 75 (20.9) | 15 (17.6) | 24 (19.0) | 15 (24.2) | 21 (24.7) | |
Hypertensive nephropathy (%) | 26 (7.3) | 4 (4.7) | 10 (7.9) | 4 (6.5) | 8 (9.4) | |
Others (%) | 28 (7.8) | 3 (3.5) | 11 (8.7) | 8 (12.9) | 6 (7.1) | |
Comorbid conditions | ||||||
Hypertension (%) | 318 (88.8) | 74 (87.1) | 113 (89.7) | 56 (90.3) | 75 (88.2) | 0.912 |
Diabetes (%) | 91 (25.4) | 17 (20) | 28 (22.2) | 17 (27.4) | 29 (34.1) | 0.137 |
History of CVD (%) | 190 (53.1) | 44 (51.8) | 72 (57.1) | 31 (50.0) | 43 (50.6) | 0.719 |
Medication | ||||||
ACE-inhibitor (%) | 42 (12.2) | 6 (7.6) | 19 (15.8) | 4 (6.6) | 13 (15.5) | 0.127 |
Angiotensin receptor blocker (%) | 159 (46.2) | 37 (46.8) | 55 (45.8) | 30 (49.2) | 37 (44.0) | 0.942 |
Calcium-antagonists (%) | 295 (85.8) | 68 (86.1) | 106 (88.3) | 49 (80.3) | 72 (85.7) | 0.546 |
Beta-blocker (%) | 211 (61.3) | 46 (58.2) | 75 (62.5) | 37 (60.7) | 53 (63.1) | 0.916 |
Laboratory variables | ||||||
PHQ-9 score | 7.4 ± 6.1 | 2.0 ± 1.4 | 11.0 ± 5.3 | 2.1 ± 1.4 | 11.4 ± 5.0 | < 0.001 |
hs-CRP (mg/L) | 4.1 ± 4.1 | 1.1 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.9 | 7.2 ± 3.3 | 8.6 ± 3.9 | < 0.001 |
Hemoglobin (g/L) | 106.4 ± 14.0 | 106.9 ± 14.2 | 106.0 ± 14.2 | 106.7 ± 14.8 | 106.2 ± 13.2 | 0.965 |
Albumin (g/L) | 35.6 ± 4.9 | 36.1 ± 4.6 | 36.2 ± 4.4 | 34.9 ± 5.0 | 34.7 ± 5.9 | 0.077 |
Calcium (mmol/L) | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.2 ± 0.2 | 0.351 |
Phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.8 ± 0.6 | 2.0 ± 0.7 | 0.022 |
Intact Parathyroid hormone (pg/mL) | 524.7 ± 436.1 | 493.0 ± 393.8 | 487.2 ± 411.8 | 514.1 ± 428.2 | 619.8 ± 505.4 | 0.141 |
Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 5.0 ± 1.6 | 4.8 ± 1.1 | 5.0 ± 1.2 | 4.8 ± 1.3 | 0.636 |
Triglyceride (mmol/L) | 1.8 ± 1.3 | 1.8 ± 1.4 | 1.6 ± 1.0 | 2.0 ± 1.5 | 2.0 ± 1.5 | 0.057 |
Total Kt/V | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.4 ± 0.7 | 2.5 ± 0.7 | 2.3 ± 0.7 | 0.572 |
eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 5.7 ± 4.3 | 5.5 ± 4.2 | 5.8 ± 4.2 | 5.3 ± 3.7 | 5.9 ± 5.1 | 0.805 |