Table 1 FCEP implemented for HPs with hyperphosphatemia
Session | Goals | Content | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|
1 | Introduction to the researcher and research objectives Introduction to chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis, and hyperphosphatemia | - Introduction to the anatomy and physiology of the kidney - Kidney failure and its consequences - Treatment of kidney failure - Hemodialysis and its complications - Caring for vascular access and catheter site - The incidence of hyperphosphatemia in dialysis patients; optimal range for serum phosphate - Symptoms of hyperphosphatemia - Effects of hyperphosphatemia on bone, joints and other organs | Active participation in learning Q&A Review of the contents by FCGs at home |
2 | Learning how to control hyperphosphatemia through diet and medication | Dietary: - Importance of dietary adherence - Phosphorus-to-protein ratio of foods - Appropriate food choice (E.g. Consuming foods with a low phosphorus–protein ratio, but with adequate amount of protein like meat, tofu, and seafood (in a specified and controlled amount); avoidance consumption foods with a high phosphorus–protein ratio like dairy products, egg, nuts, beans, and seeds; Consuming fresh unprocessed food instead of processed food - Avoidance of phosphate additives (e.g. Consuming fresh unprocessed food instead of processed food) - Training to prepare suitable meals (e.g. soaking foods in water and boiling to reduce the dietary phosphorus content per gram of protein in foods) Medication - Importance of phosphate binders and their role in lowering serum phosphorus concentrations - Mode of action | Review of the contents of the previous session Q&A Active participation in learning Review of the contents by FCGs at home |
3 | Strengthening self-efficacy Strengthening patient’s participation in care Strengthening patient’s autonomy in care | Problem-solving method Self-efficacy The importance of autonomy and participation in self-care | Review of the contents of the previous session Q&A Active participation in learning Review of the contents by FCGs at home |
4 | Enhancing all aspects of empowerment through the review of previous contents, Q&A, and discussion | A summary of the contents provided | Solving a problem about controlling hyperphosphatemia that was given to HPs and FCGs in the previous session |