Fig. 1

Comparison of the gut microbiome structures.Simpson indices between (A) non-dialysis ESRD and PD, (B) PNCI and PCI, (C) NCI and CI. Shannon indices between (D) non-dialysis ESRD and PD, (E) PNCI and PCI, (F) NCI and CI. Beta diversity (2D plot) between (G) non-dialysis ESRD and PD, (H) PNCI and PCI, (I) NCI and CI. Beta diversity (3D plot) between (J) non-dialysis ESRD and PD, (K) PNCI and PCI, (L) NCI and CI. M Stacked bar chart for relative abundance in the phylum classification. N Pie chart for the proportion of gut microbiome in the phylum classification. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. ESRD, end-stage renal disease; PD, peritoneal dialysis; CI, cognitive impairment; NCI, normal cognition; PCI, peritoneal dialysis patients with cognitive impairment; PNCI, peritoneal dialysis patients with normal cognition