Table 3 Comparison of pulmonary function, respiratory and peripheral MS, dyspnea, kinesiophobia, fatigue, balance, PA level scores in patients with CKD and controls

FEV₁ (%)

78.48 ± 18.13

91.04 ± 15.06

12.55(5.50–19.60)

0.001*

FVC (%)

83.30 ± 15.32

93.31 ± 14.26

10(3.73–16.27)

0.002*

FEV₁/FVC

78.90(68.10–88.80)

81.90(78.05–87.15)

0.339

PEF (%)

52.32 ± 21.28

72.95 ± 23.06

20.62(11.08–30.17)

< 0.001*

FEF_%25−75 (%)

62(49–81)

83(67-110.50)

< 0.001*

MIP (cmH₂O)

80.16 ± 31.55

105.68 ± 31.96

25.52(12.06–38.99)

< 0.001*

%MIP

88.37 ± 31.17

113.23 ± 29.87

24.86(11.92–37.79)

< 0.001*

MEP (cmH₂O)

84(65–109)

120(88.50–154)

< 0.001*

%MEP

70.44(62.73–89.22)

101.42(76.85–131.10)

< 0.001*

Quadriceps femoris, (Left), N

147(107–235)

185(163.50–220)

0.003*

Quadriceps femoris, (Right)

147(116–228)

184(170-221.50)

0.005*

%Quadriceps femoris, (ND)

35.09(26.96–53.30)

43.87(37.01–50.44)

0.012*

Shoulder abductors (Left), N

103(81.40–149)

140(113–176)

0.002*

Shoulder abductors (Right), N

110(79.20–145)

154(116–193)

< 0.001*

%Shoulder abductors (ND)

61.63(44.54–78.10)

73.84(64.53–88.69)

0.007*

Handgrip, (Left), P

67.72 ± 25.47

79.08 ± 21.76

11.36(1.34–21.39)

0.027*

Handgrip, (Right), P

69.32 ± 26.57

83.82 ± 21.98

14.49(4.17–24.81)

0.006*

MMRC dyspnea scale score, 0–4

1(0–1)

0(0–0)

< 0.001*

Modified Borg Scale score, 0–10 (Activity)

2(1–4)

0-(0–2)

< 0.001*

TSK score (17–68)

37.48 ± 7.98

32.17 ± 8.73

-5.31[(-8.86)-(-1.75)]

0.004*

FSS score (0–63)

26(6–56)

14(5.50–30)

0.082

BBS score (0–56)

51(46–56)

56(56–56)

< 0.001*

FRT (cm)

26.50(21.50–33)

33(32-37.25)

< 0.001*

IPAQ (MET-min/week)

Total

462(99–924)

1792.50(405.75-3692.25)

0.001*

Walking

346(99–693)

478.50(132–1386)

0.120

Moderate

0(0–0)

0(0-1500)

0.010*

Vigorous

0(0–0)

0(0-1080)

0.006*

Sitting (min/day)

360(300–540)

240(180-457.50)

0.006*

Spontaneous gait speed (m/s)

1.03 ± 0.32

1.34 ± 0.34

0.30(0.16–0.44)

< 0.001*