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Table 2 Clinical characteristics of the training group

From: Construction and validation of a prediction model for the risk of citrate accumulation in patients with hepatic insufficiency receiving continuous renal replacement therapy with citrate anticoagulation

Characteristics

All patientss

(n = 187)

Control group(n = 125)

Accumulation group (n = 62)

Z/χ2

P-value

Age (years)

56(46, 66)

54(43,63)

62(53.25,70)

−3.06

0.002

Male【n(%)】

128(68.4)

91(72.8)

37(59.7)

2.542

0.069

Hepatic dysfunction classification【n(%)】

   

4.793

0.309

acute hepatic failure

52(27.8)

39(31.2)

13(21)

  

subacute hepatic failure

3(1.6)

1(0.8)

2(3.2)

  

acute-on-chronic hepatic failure

37(19.8)

21(16.8)

16(25.8)

  

chronic hepatic failure

34(18.2)

23(18.4)

11(17.7)

  

hepatic dysfunction

61(32.6)

41(32.8)

20(32.3)

  

Indications for CRRT 【n(%)】

   

0.586

0.746

CKD

11(5.9)

8(6.4)

3(4.7)

  

AKI

129(69)

84(67.2)

45(72.6)

  

Others

47(25.1)

33(26.4)

14(21.9)

  

APACHE II scores

23.6 ± 6.18

22.53 ± 5.85

25.73 ± 5.80

−3.415

0.001

MELD scores

22.8(20.45,25.60)

26.5(21,31)

30(24,34)

−3.297

0.001

SOFA

12(10,14)

12(10,14)

12.5(10,15)

−0.892

0.375

Child-pugh

9(8,11)

9(7.5,10.5)

10(8,11)

−1.701

0.089

BMI (kg/m^2)

22.7(20.3,25.60)

22.85(20.48,25.6)

22.4(19.6,25.6)

−0.253

0.801

Weight (kg)

62.75(55,70)

63(55,71)

60(50,70)

−1.448

0.148

Map (mmHg)

81(74,89)

81(75,89)

78(71,86.25)

−2.342

0.019

Norepinephrine (ug/kg/min)

0.02(0, 0.16)

0.00(0,0.11)

0.08(0, 0.2)

−2.299

0.016

Alb (g/L)

33.1(29.3,36.6)

33.1(29.4,37.6)

32.9(29.3,35.50)

−0.818

0.413

AST (U/L)

127(53, 438)

143(54.5548.3)

107(44.5325.5)

−1.108

0.268

ALT (U/L)

102(33, 387)

122(35,459)

55(29.5231.8)

−1.623

0.105

LDH (U/L)

399(284,758)

395(273,736)

403(296, 857)

−0.353

0.724

Tbil (umol/L)

130(57,257)

126.4(55.6239.4)

138.3(60.9320.8)

−0.796

0.426

CRP (mg/L)

53.26(20.15,101.55)

53.7(23.6101.9)

43.8(16.9100.9)

−1.020

0.308

WBC(*10^9/L)

9.65(6.5,15.24)

9.85(6.49,15.67)

9.34(6.57,13.92)

−0.065

0.949

PLT(*10^9/L)

46(29,106)

52(30,121)

40(27.25,83.5)

−1.894

0.058

Hb(g/L)

73(62,93)

73(60,96)

71.5(63,92.25)

−0.675

0.5

PT(s)

18.1(14.6,24.3)

17.4(14.6,23.1)

19.8(15.4,27)

−1.765

0.078

INR

1.64(1.28,2.22)

1.54(1.26,2.12)

1.93(1.32,2.62)

−2.292

0.022

APTT(s)

44.1(33.2,60.1)

43.1(33.2,67.3)

46.4(33.2,67.3)

−1.280

0.201

serum potassium (mmol/L)

4.32(4,4.67)

4.34(3.99,4.69)

4.32(4.06,4.62)

−0.323

0.747

tCa (mmol/L)

2.25(2.17,2.25)

2.23(2.16, 2.36)

2.27(2.20,2.45)

−2.173

0.03

Scr (umol/L)

168(87,255)

158(78, 254)

175(94.5267)

−1.423

0.155

BUN (mmol/L)

14.6(7.9,14.6)

13.5(7.59,20.74)

15.11(7.68,23.55)

−1.082

0.279

pH

7.43(7.38,7.47)

7.43(7.38,7.46)

7.45(7.39,7.48)

−1.735

0.083

PO2 (mmHg)

106(89,132)

113(91,139)

99.5(80,118)

−2.569

0.01

PCO2 (mmHg)

34.8(31.6,39.2)

35(32,40.03)

33.9(30.65,38.55)

−1.613

0.107

Bicarbonate concentration (mmol/L)

23.16 ± 3.8

23 ± 4.05

23.2 ± 3.3

−0.079

0.937

BE (mmol/L)

−1.15 ± 4.13

−1.3 ± 4.38

−0.93 ± 3.65

− 0.506

0.613

Lactate (mmol/L)

1.9(1.3,3.1)

1.8(1.2,2.8)

2.2(1.3,3.9)

−1.515

0.13

iCa (mmol/L)

1.12(1.04,1.18)

1.12(1.04,1.17)

1.11(1.03,1.18)

−0.154

0.879

Dialysate flow rate (ml/h)

1000(1000,2000)

1000(1000,2000)

1000(1000,2000)

−2.089

0.037

replacement flow rate (ml/h)

1000(1000,1000)

1000(1000,1000)

1000(1000,1000)

−0.329

0.742

CRRT dosage (ml/h/kg)

38(31,50)

40(32,50)

37(30,48)

−0.897

0.370

Citrate concentration (mmol/L)

3(2,3)

2.5(2,3)

3(2.5,3)

−2.792

0.005

  1. CRRT continuous renal replacement therapy, AKI acute kidney injury, CK chronic kidney disease, APACHE II Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation, MELD Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, SOFA Sequential Organ Failure Assessment, BMI body mass index, MAP mean arterial pressure, Alb albumin: ALT alanine aminotransferase, AST aspartate aminotransferase, Tbil total bilirubin, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, WBC white blood cell count, Hb hemoglobin, PLT platelet count, CRP C-reactive protein, APTT activated partial thromboplastin time, PT prothrombin time, INR international normalized ratio, Scr serum creatinine, BUN blood urea nitrogen, tCa total calcium concentration, O2 partial pressure of oxygen, PCO2 partial pressure of carbon dioxide, BE Base excess, iCa ionized calcium concentration