Table 1 Patient baseline characteristics of included studies
Author, year | Ethnicity | Genotype | Sample size | Age (year) | Male (%) | Weight (Kg) | Genotype method | Measurement unit | Tacrolimus measurement method | Time course for tacrolimus measurement | Initial dosage of tacrolimus | Target trough level, ng/mL | immunosuppressive drugs therapy |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Kuypers D, 2014 [20] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22, POR*28 | 22 | 52.8 ± 13.3 | 60.0 | 70.6 ± 14.3 | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, ng/ml/mg | MEIA | 3, 7, 30, 90, 360 d | 0.2 mg/kg/day | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, methylprednisolone |
Cheng F, 2021a [21] | Asian | POR*28 | 201 | 42.0 ± 11.9 | 73.3 | 21.3 ± 2.4b | CBT-PMRA Kit | ng/ml/mg | MEIA | 30, 90, 360 d | 3.0 ~ 5.0 mg, bid | 8 ~ 10 | MMF |
Bruckmueller H, 2015 [22] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22, POR*28 | 223 | 48.0 ± 14.0 | 58.7 | NR | TaqMan assay | ng/ml/mg | LC–MS | NR | NR | NR | NR |
Tavira B, 2013a [23] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22 | 206 | 48.6 ± 13.2 | NR | 25.3 ± 4.9b | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 7, 180 d | 0.2 mg/kg/day | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, prednisone |
Madsen MJ, 2017a [24] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22, POR*28 | 52 | 49.2 ± 12.3 | 57.7 | 77.0 ± 20.0 | TaqMan assay | ng/ml/mg | MEIA | 180, 360 d | NR | NR | NR |
Lunde I, 2014a [25] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22, POR*28 | 123 | 48.8 ± 9.8 | 70.0 | 87.6 ± 19.1 | PCR–RFLP | ng/ml/mg | MEIA | NR | NR | 3 ~ 7 | MMF, steroids |
Liu S, 2016 [26] | Asian | POR*28 | 154 | 40.0 ± 10.9 | NR | 59.8 ± 10.7 | Agena Bioscience MassARRAY system | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 7 d | 0.05 ~ 0.075 mg/kg, bid | 5 ~ 8 | MMF, prednisone |
Kurzawski M, 2014a [27] | Caucasian | POR*28 | 241 | 45.8 ± 12.4 | 44.4 | 73.2 ± 13.9 | TaqMan assay | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 7, 30, 90, 180, 360 d | 0.1 mg/kg/day | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, steroids |
Kurzawski M, 2014 [28] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22 | 241 | 45.8 ± 12.4 | 44.4 | 73.2 ± 13.9 | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 3, 30, 90, 180, 360 d | 0.1 mg/kg/day | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, steroids |
Elens L, 2011 [29] | Caucasian, Asian | CYP3A4*22 | 185 | 47.9 ± 13.8 | 61.0 | 72.6 ± 14.0 | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 3, 30, 90, 180, 360 d | NR | 5 ~ 12 | corticosteroids |
Vanhove T, 2017 [30] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22 | 279 | 53.0 ± 13.0 | 60.0 | 73.4 ± 15.2 | OpenArray platform | ng/ml/mg | LC–MS | 3, 7, 14 d | 0.2 mg/kg/day | 12 ~ 15 | MMF, methylprednisolone |
Jonge H, 2014 [31] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22 | 59 | 54.2 ± 10.9 | 60.0 | 71.4 ± 13.7 | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, ng/ml/mg | LC–MS | NR | 0.2 mg/kg/day | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, methylprednisolone |
Elens L, 2011 [32] | Caucasian | CYP3A4*22 | 99 | 50.5 ± 13.2 | 62.0 | 73.6 ± 13.2 | TaqMan assay | mg/kg/day, (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | NR | NR | 5 ~ 15 | MMF, prednisone, methylprednisolone |
Zhang JJ, 2015 [33] | Asian | POR*28 | 83 | 40.4 ± 11.3 | 72.3 | 62.0 ± 9.4 | PCR–RFLP | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 3, 7 d, NR | NR | 10 ~ 15 | MMF, methylprednisolone |
Li CJ, 2014 [34] | Asian | POR*28 | 240 | 41.0 ± 12.2 | 67.1 | 57.9 ± 10.1 | Applied Biosystems Multiplex Kit | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 3, 7, 14 d | 0.1 mg/kg, bid | 10 ~ 12 | MMF, steroids |
Phupradit A, 2018 [35] | Asian | POR*28 | 216 | 43.0 ± 14.6 | 61.1 | 57.1 ± 11.3 | TaqMan assay | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 7 d | 0.05 mg/kg, bid | 4 ~ 8 | MMF, corticosteroids |
Elens L, 2014a [36] | Caucasian | POR*28 | 184 | 49.5 ± 15.3 | 60.2 | 72.6 ± 15.7 | TaqMan assay | (ng/ml)/ (mg/kg/day) | MEIA | 3, 30, 90, 180, 360 d | NR | 5 ~ 15 | MMF, prednisone, methylprednisolone |
Si SH, 2018 [37] | Asian | POR*28 | 123 | 36.9 ± 9.5 | 72.0 | 60.5 ± 9.3 | Qubit dsDNA HS Assay Kit | (ng/ml)/(mg/ kg/m2 ) | Architect I2000 optical detection system | 7, 14, 30, 90, 180, 360 d | 0.2 mg/kg/day | NR | MMF, sirolimus or prednisone |