Table 1 Baseline characteristics
Whole cohort (N = 2196) | Derivation cohort (N = 1440) | Validation cohort (N = 756) | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age at baseline (years) | 69 ± 13 | 68.8 ± 13.2 | 69.2 ± 13.2 |
Gender | |||
Female | 1138 (51.8) | 745 (51.7) | 393 (52.0) |
Male | 1058 (48.2) | 695 (48.3) | 363 (48.0) |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 29 ± 5.9 | 29 ± 5.8 | 29.1 ± 6.0 |
missing | 70 (3.2) | 44 (3.0) | 26 (3.4) |
Smoking status | |||
Nonsmoker | 1140 (51.9) | 761 (52.8) | 379 (50.1) |
Former | 430 (19.6) | 275 (19.1) | 155 (20.5) |
Current | 215 (9.8) | 141 (9.8) | 74 (9.8) |
Missing | 411 (18.7) | 263 (18.3) | 148 (19.6) |
History of cancer | 106 (4.8) | 70 (4.9) | 36 (4.8) |
History of CVD | 492 (22.4) | 338 (23.5) | 154(20.4) |
History of diabetes | 772 (35.2) | 517 (35.9) | 255 (33.7) |
History of hypertension | 1022 (46.5) | 686 (47.6) | 336 (44.4) |
Chronic kidney disease etiology | |||
Hypertensive nephropathy | 46 (21.7) | 331 (23.0) | 145 (19.2) |
Glomerulonephritis | 146 (6.6) | 91 (6.3) | 55 (7.3) |
Diabetic nephropathy | 530 (24.1) | 348 (24.2) | 182 (24.1) |
Tubulo-interstitial | 347 (15.8) | 224 (15.6) | 123 (16.3) |
Polycystic kidney disease | 84 (3.8) | 50 (3.5) | 34 (4.5) |
Miscellaneous/other | 477 (21.7) | 313 (21.7) | 164 (21.7) |
Missing | 136 (6.2) | 83 (5.8) | 53 (7.0) |
Country | |||
Italy | 526 (24) | 334 (23.2) | 192 (25.4) |
Czech Republic | 706 (32.1) | 465 (32.3) | 241 (31.9) |
Serbia | 123 (5.6) | 85 (5.9) | 38 (5.0) |
Bosnia | 56 (2.5) | 35 (2.4) | 21 (2.8) |
Slovak Republic | 625 (28.5) | 412 (28.6) | 213 (28.2) |
Russia | 160 (7.3) | 109 (7.6) | 51 (6.7) |
Iron at referral | 385 (17.5) | 251 (17.4) | 134 (17.7) |
ESA at referral | 285 (13.0) | 189 (13.1) | 96 (12.7) |
VDRA therapy at referral | 611 (27.8) | 401 (27.8) | 210 (27.8) |
Phosphate binders at referral | 287 (13.1) | 189 (13.1) | 98 (13.0) |
Amount of antihypertensives at referral | |||
0 | 989 (45.0) | 646 (44.9) | 343 (45.4) |
1–2 | 1086 (49.5) | 707 (49.1) | 379 (50.1) |
More than 3 | 121 (5.4) | 87 (6.1) | 34 (4.5) |
RAASi at referral | 739 (33.7) | 484 (33.6) | 255 (33.7) |
Diuretic at referral | 1133 (51.6) | 756 (52.5) | 377 (49.9) |
Hemoglobin(g/l) | 116 ± 16 | 116.2 ± 16 | 116.9 ± 16.8 |
Missing | 186 (8.5) | 116 (8.0) | 70 (9.3) |
Ferritin (μg/l) | 276 (139, 524) | 271 (142, 504) | 280 (136,564) |
Missing | 822 (37.4) | 544 (37.8) | 278 (36.8) |
Transferrin saturation (TSAT) | 20.3 (15, 26) | 20.0 (15, 26) | 21(15, 27) |
Missing | 1315 (60.0) | 860 (60.0) | 455 (60.2) |
Serum albumin (g/l) | 40.6 ± 4.4 | 40.5 ± 4.5 | 40.6 ± 4.4 |
Missing | 482 (21.9) | 308 (21.4) | 174 (23.0) |
Total calcium (mmol/l) | 2.3 ± 0.18 | 2.3 ± 0.18 | 2.3 ± 0.18 |
Missing | 273 (12.4) | 184 (12.8) | 89 (11.8) |
Phosphate (mmol/l) | 1.3 ± 0.29 | 1.3 ± 0.28 | 1.3 ± 0.3 |
Missing | 285 (13.0) | 189 (13.0) | 96 (12.7) |
iPTH (ng/l) | 124 (72, 202) | 125 (73, 201) | 121 (72, 206) |
Missing | 479 (21.8) | 321 (22.3) | 158 (20.9) |
eGFR (CKD-EPI) | 18.6 ± 6.5 | 18.5 ± 6.5 | 18.8 ± 6.5 |
Missing | 243 (11.0) | 156 (10.8) | 87 (11.5) |
Days of follow-up | 735 (290, 1255) | 733 (293, 1264) | 752 (283, 1237) |