Fig. 1

RaK clinical assessment tool (3A’s: Assess, Advise & Assist): This figure delineates the RaK recommendations, organized into three steps. The initial step involves the pre-Ramadan assessment to classify the risk of fasting (risk classification), determining whether fasting is advised or not (second step). If a patient, identified with moderate or high risk, chooses to fast, the subsequent step (third) involves assisting them to do it safely, under close monitoring